ArticleBMC ophthalmology2025
Evaluating neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammation index, and systemic inflammation response index for diagnosing and predicting progression in diabetic retinopathy: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- The leukocyte glucose index: a novel inflammatory-glucose biomarker for prevalent diabetic retinopathy and its supplementary predictive capacity in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Comparative value of novel inflammatory indices in predicting incident carotid atherosclerosis: SIRI outperforms other markers in a general population.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Inflammation Promotes Insulin Resistance: Analysis Based on Inflammation Indices Obtained from the Complete Blood Count.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- A new approach to assessing pterygium progression and volume using SII and anterior segment OCT.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo investigate the significance of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), as diagnostic and prognostic factors in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a cross-sectional study and longitudinal epidemiological investigation.
methodsThis study included a retrospective cross-sectional study and a longitudinal epidemiological investigation- the Beichen Eye Study (BCES). In the former study, 203 participants were enrolled from January 2021 to May 2022. Factors associated with DR were analyzed, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was also performed. 5840 subjects were enrolled in BCES. 479 individuals were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM without DR) at baseline, of which 92 individuals developed DR over a 2-year follow-up. The effect of NLR, SII, SIRI, and other risk factors was explored on the incidence of DR.
resultsThe cross-sectional study showed that patients with Proliferative DR (PDR) or Non-Proliferative DR (NPDR) had significantly higher levels of NLR, SII, and SIRI than DM without DR and control subjects. The combined index of NLR, SII, and SIRI improved AUC to 0.765 from 0.728 to 0.755 for individual indices in diagnosing DR. BCES reported that SIRI levels were significantly higher at baseline in individuals who went on to develop DR relative to the patients without progression during the 2-year follow-up. SIRI (> 1.222) is associated with a 2.3-fold increased DR risk (p = 0.015), while further validation is needed.
conclusionNLR, SII, and SIRI are significantly increased in patients with DR. SIRI is an independent risk factor for the development of DR, highlights its potential as a predictive indicator for DR in routine screening.
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