ArticleThe European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care2026
Health economic outcomes and national economic impacts associated with Long COVID in England and Scotland.
Article in The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Excess primary healthcare consultations in Norway in 2024 compared to pre-COVID-19-pandemic baseline trends.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTwo million people in the UK suffer from Long COVID (LC), imposing substantial health economic impacts. This study aimed to: 1) assess longitudinal changes in health utility scores and economic costs of LC, and number of services received at LC specialist clinics and clinic region to capture care intensity; 2) assess whether volume of services received responded to health needs; and 3) estimate the national economic impact of LC.
methodsLC patients from 10 specialist clinics participated in the LOCOMOTION study. Patient-reported outcomes measures (EQ-5D-5L, C19-YRS and Health Economics Questionnaire) were completed on a digital platform. Associations were assessed between changes in economic outcomes (EQ-5D-3L utility, health economic costs) and number/type of LC specialist services received and region. Per-person values of quality-adjusted life-year losses, public sector costs, productivity losses and informal care costs were multiplied by LC prevalence to estimate national economic impacts.
resultsThere was a statistically significant reduction in public sector costs over time. There was no significant association between the number of specialist services received and change in health utility scores. LC specialist clinic and outpatient service utilisation corresponded to health need and had significant regional variation after controlling for health need. LC is associated with a substantial economic impact nationally, estimated at £8.1 billion annually and £24.2 billion since its emergence, comparable to the annual cost of £9.4 billion for stroke.
conclusionThe effectiveness of LC specialist clinic services warrants further research. The substantial national economic impact of LC warrants a nationwide LC care strategy.
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