ArticleNPJ digital medicine2025
Effects of intervention design on engagement and outcomes in digital self-help for insomnia - factorial RCT.
Article in NPJ digital medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05826002 (Optimization of a Digital Self-guided Psychological Intervention for Insomnia), which is not on this map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Optimization of a Digital Self-guided Psychological Intervention for Insomnia: A Randomized Factorial Experiment
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effectiveness of digital health interventions for the management of Low Anterior Resection Syndrome (LARS) after sphincter-preserving surgery for rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Pooled it
- Lifefulness - feasibility and acceptability of a self-guided digital intervention promoting mental health among older adults in Sweden.Internet interventions · 2026Article
- Mind the gap: Pilot of the FastAsleep digital insomnia intervention in simple English for linguistic minorities in Sweden.Internet interventions · 2026Article
- A clinically actionable framework for personalizing iCBT to improve depression outcomes.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Review
- Innovative Approaches to Advancing Equitable Access to Insomnia Interventions.Current sleep medicine reports · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Digital self-help can improve access to mental health care, but poor engagement limits effectiveness. This single-blind 2 x 2 x 2 factorial randomized controlled trial examined whether an optimized graphical user interface (GUI), automated reminders (AR), and an adaptive treatment strategy (ATS) improved engagement and outcomes in a digital self-help insomnia intervention. Adults (N = 447) with moderate to severe insomnia were randomized to combinations of the factors. The GUI improved self-rated engagement, sleep log activity, login frequency, and usability. AR increased sleep log activity and logins, while ATS improved satisfaction. All three combined significantly improved insomnia symptoms (d = 0.50). No severe adverse effects were reported. Clinicians spent 13.74 min on average on the ATS. Statistical analyses included linear and multilevel regression. Factors were effect coded. Intervention design can enhance engagement and outcomes, requiring minimal clinician time. Pre-registered 2023-04-11 (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05826002). Funded by the Swedish Ministry of Health and Social Affairs, grant number: S2018/03855/FS.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.