Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40628817›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Advanced hydrogel optical fiber sensors with triple-readout for real-time pH sensing.

Israr Ahmed, Abdelrahman Sakr, Yarjan Abdul Samad, Haider Butt

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Israr AhmedDepartment of Aerospace Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates. israar1986@live.com.
Abdelrahman SakrDepartment of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates.
Yarjan Abdul SamadDepartment of Aerospace Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates.
Haider ButtDepartment of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates. haider.butt@ku.ac.ae.

Funding

Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research RCII-2019-003
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Precise pH monitoring is essential in fields like scientific research, healthcare, and industrial processes. Herein, we have developed hydrogel-based optical fiber (OF) sensors for continuous and real-time pH sensing using a hydrogel matrix with the pH-sensitive dye Neutral Red to obtain a color-switching hydrogel matrix. Two sensor configurations, (i) attached to the glass slide (SA) and (ii) an OF tip sensor, were fabricated. Aztec diffractive nanostructures were imprinted during the polymerization of hydrogel matrix for both SA and OF sensors using a simple replication process. The sensors provide triple readout capabilities: colorimetric changes visible to the naked eye, shifting from red (pH 4) to yellow (pH 10); spectroscopic analysis in transmission and reflection modes, showing wavelength-specific dips; and diffractive power variations recorded using a 532 nm green laser. Reflection measurements confirmed the sensors' suitability for remote sensing applications, highlighting their potential for non-invasive detection scenarios. These sensors demonstrated high sensitivity, rapid response times, excellent repeatability, and robust performance across multiple cycles. A smartphone-based detection method further enhances practicality, enabling portable use. These hydrogel-based sensors offer a reliable, versatile solution for pH monitoring and hold significant promise for applications in the beverage, food, pharmaceutical, and point-of-care diagnostic industries.

Indexed as

HydrogelNanostructuresOptical fiberpH-sensors

Identifiers

PMID40628817
PMCPMC12238546

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.