Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40628249›Full record

ArticleCardiology2026

Body-Wide Expression Profiles of Commonly Assessed Cardiac Biomarkers in a Large Cohort of Human Tissue Donors.

Grant C O'Connell, Christine G Smothers, Jing Wang, Bethany L Armentrout

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cardiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Grant C O'ConnellSchool of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA, grant.oconnell@case.edu.
Christine G SmothersSchool of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Jing WangSchool of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Bethany L ArmentroutSchool of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

Funding

Investigation of brain-originating circRNAs as targets in blood-based stroke triage diagnosticsR01NS129876 · NINDS · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI Grant C O'Connell · 2023 to 2026
$2.4M
Massively high-throughput profiling of the circulating antibody pool for identification of diagnostic signatures with utility for stroke triageR21NR019337 · NINR · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI O'CONNELL, GRANT C · 2021 to 2022
$443k
NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS129876NINR NIH HHS R21 NR019337
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionBlood biomarkers of myocardial damage or stress are routinely used to guide the diagnosis and management of both acute and chronic cardiac conditions. The circulating levels of these proteins are directly influenced by source tissue expression levels, and understanding where and to what degree they are expressed throughout the body can yield insights into their properties as biomarkers. Thus, in this descriptive study, we sought to comprehensively map the expression of twelve clinically established or emerging cardiac biomarkers across a broad spectrum of human tissues and comparatively assess expression characteristics that could impact diagnostic performance.

methodsExisting genome-wide mRNA sequencing data originating from 16,357 cardiac and noncardiac tissue specimens harvested from 946 donors were used to quantify the expression levels of genes coding for the twelve proteins of interest (cTnT, cTnI, H-FABP, proANP, proBNP, Mb, CKTOTAL, CK-MB, LDHTOTAL, LDH-1, sST2, and cMyBP-C). Cardiac abundance, atrioventricular heterogeneity, and cardiac enrichment were subsequently assessed and compared between genes, both in the total pool of specimens and subsets of specimens grouped by donor sex and age.

resultsWhen considering the entirety of our analyses, the spatial expression characteristics of cMyBP-C, one of the emerging biomarkers we investigated, compared favorably to those of established biomarkers such as the troponins, suggesting that it may be a viable supplement to markers currently in clinical use. However, several other emerging biomarkers we assessed, including sST2 and H-FABP, displayed high expression in numerous noncardiac tissues that could serve as diagnostic confounds and limit their clinical value. In addition, we also observed differences between the expression profiles of closely related established biomarkers that have often been used interchangeably, including cTnI and cTnT, and proANP and proBNP, that could explain recent reports of discordant blood measures. Finally, we observed notable age and sex-related differences in the expression of proANP and proBNP within cardiac tissue specifically that support calls for the use of tiered diagnostic cutoffs.

conclusionOur findings provide insights into the potential utility of several notable emerging cardiac biomarkers and new information that could mechanistically explain previously reported phenomena or highlight possible diagnostic advantages, disadvantages, or use-caveats regarding others currently measured in clinical care.

Indexed as

BiomarkersMyocardiumAdultAgedFemaleGene Expression ProfilingHumansMaleMiddle AgedRNA, MessengerTissue DonorsTroponin IBiomarkersRNA, MessengerTroponin IAcute coronary syndromeAge differencesBlood biomarkersHeart failureMyocardial infarctionSex differences

Identifiers

PMID40628249
PMCPMC12344743

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.