SynthesisSleep medicine reviews2025
Estimation of the global prevalence and burden of insomnia: a systematic literature review-based analysis.
Synthesis in Sleep medicine reviews, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The effectiveness of digital therapeutics in improving sleep quality: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Wearable Digital Therapeutics in Improving Sleep Outcomes Among Individuals With Insomnia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- The effect of internet-based acceptance and commitment therapy on sleep quality and insomnia in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- Dose-response relationship between physical activity and subjective sleep quality in patients with insomnia: a systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2026Pooled it
- Electrical vestibular nerve stimulation as a novel therapeutic approach for insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Transcranial alternating current stimulation for chronic insomnia: a meta-analytic evaluation of sleep restoration and safety in adults.BMC psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence of insomnia in nurses: a meta-analysis of observational studies using the insomnia severity index.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of different intervention modalities combined with exercise in patients with insomnia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Walking and subjective sleep quality in adults: a Bayesian three-level meta-analysis with probabilistic clinical relevance assessment and dose-response modeling.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Research advances in physical activity and insomnia: a bibliometric and thematic evolution analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for insomnia disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Tuina combined with other therapies for treating insomnia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- Trial
- Psychometric evaluation of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index among South African women participating in the Bukhali trial: Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2026Trial
- Trial
- The Efficacy of Therapist-Guided, Internet-Delivered Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Chronic Insomnia Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Nature and science of sleep · 2026Trial
- Acupuncture with the Sancai Acupoint Matching Method for Primary Insomnia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Nature and science of sleep · 2026Trial
- Differences in insomnia-related factors between working-age and older adults: A comparison of nocturnal and daytime symptoms.Sleep medicine: X · 2026Article
- Insomnia and stroke risk: A systematic review with meta-analysis of analytical observational studies and mendelian randomization studies.Sleep medicine: X · 2026Article
- Physiology of lived experience: The struggles of my first experience of sleep at 3810 m.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Insomnia is common, is associated with major adverse medical and mental health outcomes, has a negative impact on quality of life, and has significant economic consequences. However, little is known about the global insomnia burden. This systematic review estimated the global prevalence of insomnia in adults. PubMed and Embase were searched (terms "insomnia," "prevalence," and "general population") to identify relevant peer-reviewed studies (final search 2-3 Sep 2024). Included studies had the highest data quality and lowest risk of bias, and reported clinically relevant insomnia prevalence in the general population. Insomnia prevalence estimates were applied to United Nations (UN) population data using a country-specific study (if available) or the highest-quality study (if no country-specific study). Of 1651 potential records, 18 studies (262,582 participants) were included. Thirty-one of 237 UN/World Bank-recognized countries/territories had a suitable nation-specific adult insomnia prevalence estimate. 852,325,091 adults (95 % confidence interval 830,354,161-874,309,252) were estimated to have insomnia (global prevalence: 16.2 %) and 414,967,941 were estimated to have severe insomnia (7.9 %). Insomnia and severe insomnia were more prevalent in females versus males across all age groups. The high global prevalence of insomnia disorder reinforces the need for comprehensive public health and clinical sleep health initiatives worldwide. REGISTRATION: PROSPERO: CRD42024581410.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.