Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40627743›Full record

ArticleEuropean heart journal. Quality of care & clinical outcomes2025

Global, regional, and national burden of heart failure and its risk factors between 1990 and 2021 and projections to 2050: an analysis of the global burden of disease study.

Shaohua Yan, Peizhi Deng, Ke Chai, Shengfeng Wang, Kai Hu, Jiefu Yang, Hua Wang

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Article in European heart journal. Quality of care & clinical outcomes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
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  4. Article
  5. Observational
  6. Article
  7. Review
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  12. ClinNoteAgents: An LLM Multi-Agent System for Predicting and Interpreting Heart Failure 30-Day Readmission from Clinical Notes.AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science proceedings. AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Shaohua YanDepartment of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 DaHua Road, Beijing 100730, China.
Peizhi DengDepartment of Dermatology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
Ke ChaiDepartment of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 DaHua Road, Beijing 100730, China.
Shengfeng WangDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Kai HuDepartment of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Jiefu YangDepartment of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 DaHua Road, Beijing 100730, China.
Hua WangDepartment of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 DaHua Road, Beijing 100730, China.ORCID 0000-0002-1643-4108

Funding

CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences 2021-I2M-1-050National High-Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding BJYY-2023-070Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project 2023ZD0504600
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsAt present, there is a lack of recent heart failure (HF) epidemiological data up to 2021. This study aims to assess the HF burden and its risk factors from 1990 to 2021 and project trends to 2050. METHODS AND

resultsWe derived HF prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) from Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, performing subgroup analyses by sex, age, sociodemographic index (SDI), and regions. Health inequalities were measured using the Inequality Slope Index and Concentration Index. Additionally, we made a decomposition analysis of the HF burden and forecasted its impact by 2050. The global age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) and age-standardized YLD rate (ASYR) of HF were 676.68 (95% UI: 598.68-776.84) and 64.7 (95% UI: 44.2-89.47) per 100 000 people and increased by 5.5% and 5.9% from 1990 to 2021, respectively. The ASPR and ASYR were higher in regions in the relatively higher SDI quintile, while the HF burden in regions in the lower SDI quintile is increasing. Ischaemic heart disease accounted for the highest ASPR of HF globally [244.02 (95% UI: 179.09-322.13)], followed by hypertensive heart disease [148.32 (95% UI: 117.32-186.28)]. The ASPR and ASYR of HF are projected to rise from 2022 to 2050, with males dominating.

conclusionThe escalating HF burden represents a critical public health challenge, necessitating immediate intervention. Policymakers must devise precise strategies aimed at curbing and preventing the HF burden.

Indexed as

Heart FailureAdultAgedCost of IllnessFemaleGlobal Burden of DiseaseGlobal HealthHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsEpidemiologyGlobal Burden of DiseasesHeart failurePrevalenceYears lived with disability

Identifiers

PMID40627743
PMCPMC12587287

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