Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40627327›Full record

ReviewHormones (Athens, Greece)2026

Rare metastatic sites in three patients with RAI-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).

Olga Karapanou, Grigoris Effraimidis, Effie Petinellis, Marina Michalaki, Miltiadis Krokidis, Katerina Saltiki

Abstract readCase ReportsReview
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In one paragraph

Review in Hormones (Athens, Greece), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Olga KarapanouEndocrine Department, NIMTS Veterans' Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Grigoris EffraimidisFaculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7313-8391
Effie PetinellisRadiation Oncology Dept, Iaso Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Marina MichalakiFaculty of Medicine, School of Health Science, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
Miltiadis Krokidis1st Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Areteion Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Katerina SaltikiEndocrine Unit, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian Athens University, Vas. Sofias Ave 80, Athens, 11528, Greece. saze@otenet.gr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1421-0653

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeWhile the majority of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) have favourable outcomes, less than 5% may have metastatic disease that is refractory to radioiodine (RAI) treatment. Distant metastases from thyroid cancer usually involve the lungs and bones. However, it is essential to accurately identify and treat rare sites of metastasis.

methodsIn this report, we present three cases of rare metastatic sites originating from RAI-refractory DTC. The first patient had a cystic calcaneous metastasis, the second patient developed bilateral metachronous renal metastases, and the third patient presented with a large thigh metastasis, which was later followed by a large pelvic mass.

resultsNone of the patients had a targetable mutation. A multidisciplinary therapeutic approach was implemented for their treatment, incorporating both local and systemic therapies.

conclusionManaging cases with unusual metastases can be particularly challenging, especially in patients with advanced disease. The combination of local and systemic treatments is crucial, as it may help prolong survival.

Indexed as

Bone NeoplasmsIodine RadioisotopesKidney NeoplasmsThyroid NeoplasmsAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm MetastasisIodine RadioisotopesCalcaneousDifferentiated thyroid cancerRare metastasesRenalThighUnusual metastases

Identifiers

PMID40627327

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.