Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40627159›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging2025

Increased incidence of primary metastatic prostate cancer in the era of PSMA PET/CT: a population-based analysis.

B L Heesterman, M Peters, D E Oprea-Lager, A J A T Braat, I G Schoots, C C Loeff, P J van Leeuwen, R C N van den Bergh, D A Palma, K K H Aben and 1 more

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Article in European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

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3citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

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  3. Distinct prognostic value of [Communications medicine · 2026
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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

B L HeestermanDepartment of Research and Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization, Utrecht, the Netherlands. b.heesterman@iknl.nl.ORCID 0000-0003-2428-4258
M PetersDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
D E Oprea-LagerDepartment of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
A J A T BraatDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
I G SchootsDepartment of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
C C LoeffDepartment of Research and Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
P J van LeeuwenDepartment of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
R C N van den BerghDepartment of Urology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
D A PalmaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
K K H AbenDepartment of Research and Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
W S C EppingaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo evaluate the effects of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT use for primary staging on nationwide stage-specific prostate cancer (PCa) incidence rates and treatment patterns.

methodsFor this population-based cohort study, all men diagnosed with PCa in the Netherlands from 2010 to 2023 were identified in the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Year of diagnosis was used as proxy measure for PSMA PET/CT availability and use for primary staging. Overall and stage-specific European age-standardized incidence rates (ESR) and estimated annual percentages change (EAPC) were calculated. Among patients with ≥ 1 high-risk feature, logistic regression was performed to assess the association between year of diagnosis and detection of pelvic lymph node and/or distant metastases. Exploratory analyses were conducted to assess changes in treatment.

resultsFrom 2010 to 2023, the ESR of PCa declined slightly (EAPC=-0.2%, p = 0.64). Meanwhile, the ESR of pelvic node-positive only and distant metastatic PCa increased (EAPC = 4.6% [p < 0.001] and 4.1% [p < 0.001]). Patients with ≥ 1 high-risk feature were more often diagnosed with pelvic lymph node and/or distant metastases in the years with increasing (OR = 1.33) and widespread (OR = 1.65) access compared to the period with limited access to PSMA PET/CT for primary staging. Meanwhile, the proportion of patients that received systemic therapy increased from 38.7 to 42.0% (OR = 1.15).

conclusionThe implementation of PSMA PET/CT in clinical practice, appears to be associated with a substantial stage shift towards pelvic node-positive and distant metastatic PCa. Exploratory analyses also suggest more frequent treatment with palliative, rather than curative intent. Further research is needed to evaluate effects on clinical outcomes.

Indexed as

Antigens, SurfaceGlutamate Carboxypeptidase IIPositron Emission Tomography Computed TomographyProstatic NeoplasmsAgedAged, 80 and overCohort StudiesHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm MetastasisNeoplasm StagingNetherlandsAntigens, SurfaceFOLH1 protein, humanGlutamate Carboxypeptidase IIIncidenceMetastasesPrimary stagingProstate cancerPSMA PET/CT

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.