ArticleBio-protocol2025
In Vitro Co-culture of Bacterial and Mammalian Cells to Investigate Effects of Potential Probiotics on Intestinal Barrier Function.
Article in Bio-protocol, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Use of in vitro co-culture models to inform bacterial engineering for the treatment of solid tumours.npj biomedical innovations · 2026Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human intestinal barrier function is crucial for health. Beneficial microbes, such as commensal gut bacteria and probiotics, are known to contribute to the regulation of this barrier function. Interactions between bacteria and human intestinal cells can be analyzed by co-culturing bacteria with mammalian cells in vitro. Here, we describe a method to assess the effect of individual bacterial strains on intestinal barrier function using automated transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements. Caco-2 cells are used as a model of the intestinal epithelium, as these cells spontaneously differentiate into small intestinal epithelial-like cells characterized by tight junctions between adjacent cells. These cells are seeded on polyester filter inserts and cultured for 17 days to form a differentiated monolayer prior to the co-culture experiment. Bacteria are grown on agar, and a single colony is used to prepare a liquid culture in bacterial broth appropriate for the bacteria of interest. On the day of the co-culture experiment, the bacterial culture is resuspended in cell culture medium at the desired concentration. Inserts are transferred to cellZscope cell modules to enable automated TEER measurements, and the medium in the insert is replaced with cell culture medium containing the bacteria of interest. This method allows for intestinal tight junction barrier function to be assessed non-invasively and in real-time in response to probiotics. The use of the automated cellZscope system eliminates the need for labor-intensive manual TEER measurements, which reduces the variability in data that results from human handling and temperature changes that occur when cells are removed from the incubator. Key features • Real-time measurement of the effects of aerobic or aerotolerant-anaerobic probiotics on intestinal barrier integrity. • Automated TEER measurements are achieved by a nanoAnalytics CellZscope instrument. • Requires at least four weeks to complete one experimental run, including the revival and growth of mammalian cells in flasks, prior to differentiation in inserts. • Completing the recommended three experimental runs, staggered by one week, takes six weeks.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.