ArticleFrontiers in pediatrics2025
Impact of cessation of caffeine citrate therapy on intermittent hypoxemia patterns among preterm infants born before 34 weeks.
Article in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Intermittent hypoxemia (IH) is defined as oxygen saturation (SpO Objective: Describe change in patterns of IH events in preterms <34 weeks before and after cessation of caffeine citrate and factors associated. Methods: Interrupted time series study design. Data was collected from 1 December 2022 to 30 June 2023. MASIMO RAD-G oximeter was used, and analysis done using Trace software V3028 output was desaturation frequency, duration, and time. Data exported, stored, and analyzed using Excel 2016. Change in slope compared visually in two time periods interrupted at 34 weeks and objective statistical analysis done using the Student- Results: 49 patients medical records available for secondary analysis. Frequency of IH events increased from 7.94 to 40.94 events/hour (5-fold). IH events of durations lasting between 0 and 10 s, and >20 s decreased by 12.3% and 6.8%, respectively, while those lasting 10-20 s increased by 17%. The mildly severe IH events decreased by nearly half, 46.9% (78.4% to 31.5%), while both the moderately severe and severe IH events increased by 17.4% (18.5%-35.9%), and 26% (6.7% to 32.7%) respectively. The time spent in hypoxemia increased by 2.3 h/week/patient, while the cumulative time in hypoxemia increased by 1.6 h/patient. Preterms exposure to ACS (antenatal corticosteroids) was associated with decrease in IH events. Conclusion: Caffeine citrate cessation leads to worsening of IH events with increased frequency, duration, severity and cumulative time spent in hypoxemia. Exposure to ACS was associated with decrease in IH events. Recommendation: Caffeine citrate therapy use beyond 34 weeks is likely to be beneficial especially in the context of LMIC where antenatal steroid is not always administered, and monitoring of preterm babies is suboptimal. Safe cessation of caffeine therapy requires monitoring to detect IH events.
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