Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40624317›Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Drug discovery2025

The changing landscape of medicinal chemistry optimization.

Anita Rácz, Levente M Mihalovits, Maximilian Beckers, Nikolas Fechner, Nikolaus Stiefl, Finton Sirockin, William McCoull, Emma Evertsson, Malin Lemurell, Gergely Makara and 1 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Drug discovery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of tyrcinnamine derivatives as bactericides.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. How many crystal structures do you need to trust your docking results?bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Anita Rácz *National Drug Research and Development Laboratory, Drug Innovation Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.ORCID 0000-0001-8271-9841
Levente M Mihalovits *National Drug Research and Development Laboratory, Drug Innovation Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.ORCID 0000-0003-1022-3294
Maximilian BeckersBiomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-5988-1322
Nikolas FechnerBiomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-3852-3950
Nikolaus StieflBiomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-2562-7080
Finton SirockinBiomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.
William McCoullMedicinal Chemistry, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, The Discovery Centre, Cambridge, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-2977-1744
Emma EvertssonMedicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development Respiratory and Immunology BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Malin LemurellMedicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-8718-9421
Gergely MakaraChemPass Ltd, Budapest, Hungary.
György M KeserűNational Drug Research and Development Laboratory, Drug Innovation Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary. keseru.gyorgy@ttk.hu.ORCID 0000-0003-1039-7809

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The goal of a small-molecule drug discovery campaign is the development of chemical entities that fulfil the criteria of the target product profile for progression into clinical trials. This objective is realized through multiparameter medicinal chemistry optimization, typically by identifying the compounds at the hit stage with molecular properties that provide a high chance of subsequent success, and then iteratively optimizing the properties, often in parallel, to identify leads and, ultimately, drug candidates. To assess the impact of medicinal chemistry optimizations on molecular properties, a set of new drug candidates reported in the literature between 2015 and 2022, and their corresponding hit and lead compounds, were analysed, and compared with a set of drug candidates identified between 2000 and 2010, and their corresponding hits and leads. This analysis was complemented by similar analyses of the internal medicinal chemistry programmes pursued at AstraZeneca and Novartis. Here, we highlight and discuss the implications of the observed trends, which include shifts in key physicochemical properties and strategic changes in medicinal chemistry programmes.

Indexed as

Chemistry, PharmaceuticalDrug DiscoveryHumans

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.