ArticleScientific reports2025
Association between serum osmolality and chronic kidney disease prevalence: Evidence from NHANES 1999-2018.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Elevated calculated serum osmolality during acute gout attacks is associated with pain severity and systemic ınflammation: a retrospective paired observational study.Rheumatology international · 2026Observational
- Chitosan Nanoparticles for Natural Antioxidant Delivery in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis Liver Disease (MASLD).International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Unveiling the non-linear synergistic effects of smoking and aging on cataract-AMD comorbidity: an explainable artificial intelligence approach.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant global public health issue, and early identification of risk factors is critical for prevention and intervention. In recent years, serum osmolality has attracted attention as a potential biomarker; however, its association with CKD remains insufficiently understood.
methodsThis study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 1999 and 2018, including 49,008 participants. The association between serum osmolality levels and CKD prevalence was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis to explore both linear and nonlinear relationships. Subgroup and interaction analyses were performed to assess the applicability of the findings across different populations.
resultsA total of 9,422 participants were diagnosed with CKD. The unadjusted model showed a significant positive association between serum osmolality levels and CKD prevalence (OR: 1.11, 95% CI 1.10-1.12, P < 0.001). In the fully adjusted model (Model 3), the association remained significant (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.17-1.20, P < 0.001). Quartile analysis revealed that participants in the highest quartile (Q4) had a significantly higher risk of CKD compared to those in the lowest quartile (Q1) (OR: 3.97, 95% CI 3.38-4.66, P < 0.001). The trend test indicated a significant positive association between serum osmolality and CKD prevalence (P for trend < 0.001). RCS analysis further confirmed this positive association and identified a nonlinear relationship (P for non-linearity < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that the association remained consistent across subgroups, while interaction analysis revealed significant interaction effects for age, gender, and hypertension.
conclusionThis study demonstrates a significant positive association between serum osmolality levels and CKD prevalence, with broad applicability. Serum osmolality may serve as a potential marker for CKD risk assessment. These findings provide new insights for CKD risk evaluation and management.
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