Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40624121›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Physicochemical properties and sensory attributes of nut-based milk coffee.

Woorin Lee, Hyunwoo Ahn, Jonggab Yim, Yuri Kim, Kwang-Geun Lee

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Effect of mixed fermentation ofFood chemistry: X · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Woorin LeeDepartment of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32, Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
Hyunwoo AhnDepartment of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32, Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
Jonggab YimDepartment of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32, Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
Yuri KimDepartment of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32, Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
Kwang-Geun LeeDepartment of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32, Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. kwglee@dongguk.edu.

Funding

National Research Foundation of Korea RS-2024-00336432
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Since the use of animal-based milk raises environmental concerns and health issues such as allergies and lactose intolerance, the demand for plant-based milk alternatives is growing. This study aimed to (1) develop nut-based milks-almond, cashew, hazelnut, and walnut-combined with Arabica espresso and (2) assess their physicochemical and sensory qualities. Oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids increased significantly in roasted nut-based milk coffees (p < 0.05). Particle size and viscosity were higher in nut-based coffees than in commercial milk (p < 0.05). Gas chromatography identified 33 volatile compounds; the nut-based milk coffee sample contained more benzaldehyde and 1-methylpyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde, while commercial milk coffee had higher 5-methyl furfural and furfuryl alcohol (p < 0.05). Sensory testing showed a preference for cashew nut-based milk coffee (p < 0.05). Vegan coffee produced with nut-based milks exhibited higher antioxidant activity and a higher unsaturated fatty acid content than those prepared with commercial milk. In particular, the roasted nut-based milks displayed increased levels of these beneficial compounds. These results offer insights into nut-based milk coffee's physicochemical and sensory characteristics and preference factors.

Indexed as

CoffeeMilkNutsAnimalsAntioxidantsHumansTasteViscosityVolatile Organic CompoundsAntioxidantsCoffeeVolatile Organic CompoundsAntioxidant activityFatty acidNut-based milk coffeeParticle sizeSensory attributesViscosityVolatile compounds

Identifiers

PMID40624121
PMCPMC12234712

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.