Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40623793›Full record

ArticleBMJ global health2025

Inadequate last-mile pharmaceutical waste management is a neglected threat to environmental and public health: a call to action.

Raffaella Ravinetto, Jennie Lates, Lauren Jonkman, Vulika Nangombe, Anne Hauner, Renier Coetzee, Belen Tarrafeta, Hazel Bradley, Maya Ronse, Koen Peeters Grietens and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ global health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Reducing inequities in access to postpartum hemorrhage prevention: Reframing advance distribution of misoprostol as a test case for health system responsiveness and adaptation.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Exploring pharmaceutical waste management in Southern Africa: a scoping review.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Raffaella RavinettoDepartment of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium rravinetto@itg.be.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7765-2443
Jennie LatesDepartment of Pharmacy Practice & Policy, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0272-0138
Lauren JonkmanDepartment of Pharmacy Practice & Policy, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia.
Vulika NangombeDepartment of Pharmacy Practice & Policy, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-0438-0471
Anne HaunerDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8154-3386
Renier CoetzeeSchool of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8779-3458
Belen TarrafetaDepartment of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
Hazel BradleySchool of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.
Maya RonseDepartment of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7182-6940
Koen Peeters GrietensDepartment of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6570-9887
Joos Van Den NoortgateMedical Department, Medecins Sans Frontieres, Operational Centre Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.
Saleh AljadeeahDepartment of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4035-4121

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as

Environmental healthHealth policies and all other topicsPublic Health

Identifiers

PMID40623793
PMCPMC12258297

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.