ArticleJournal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS2025
Self-reported everyday functioning among adults with human immunodeficiency virus: Longitudinal associations with global neurocognitive functioning and depressive symptoms.
Article in Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveDiagnosing HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) requires attributing neurocognitive impairment and functional decline at least partly to HIV-related brain effects. Depressive symptom severity, whether attributable to HIV or not, may influence self-reported functioning. We examined longitudinal relationships among objective global cognition, depressive symptom severity, and self-reported everyday functioning in people with HIV (PWH).
methodsLongitudinal data from 894 PWH were collected at a university-based research center (2002-2016). Participants completed self-report measures of everyday functioning to assess both dependence in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and subjective cognitive difficulties at each visit, along with depressive symptom severity (BDI-II). Multilevel modeling examined within- and between-person predictors of self-reported everyday functioning outcomes.
resultsParticipants averaged 6 visits over 5 years. Multilevel regression showed a significant interaction between visit-specific global cognitive performance and mean depression symptom severity on likelihood of dependence in IADL (
conclusionsThe findings indicate a link between cognitive abilities and IADL dependence in PWH with low to moderate depressive symptoms. However, those with higher depressive symptoms severity report IADL dependence regardless of cognitive status. This is clinically significant because everyday functioning is measured through self-report rather than performance-based assessments.
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