ArticleChina CDC weekly2025
An Increasing Prevalence of Non-GII.4 Genotypes Causing Norovirus Gastroenteritis Outbreaks - Beijing Municipality, China, 2017-2024.
Article in China CDC weekly, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Instrument-Free, Low-Cost and Dual-System Detection for Norovirus Based on Self-Assembling DNA Circuitry.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Increase of GII.17 Norovirus Infections During the 2024-2025 Season in Multiple Cities, China.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Genetic Diversity of Norovirus and Sapovirus Outbreaks in Long-Term Care Facilities in Quebec, Canada, 2011-2016.Viruses · 2026Article
- Sustained persistence of blockade antibodies against emerging GII.4 and GII.17 noroviruses revealed by a 5-year community-based serological study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Objectives: Since 2014, non-GII.4 norovirus genotypes have increasingly challenged the predominance of GII.4, particularly in Asia. This study analyzed the epidemiological and genetic characteristics of norovirus outbreaks from January 2017 to June 2024 in a district of Beijing, China. Methods: We tested 2,016 stool samples collected from 309 acute gastroenteritis outbreaks for norovirus using real-time RT-PCR. Partial polymerase and capsid sequences of norovirus-positive samples were amplified and sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. Additionally, we performed genome amplification and sequence analysis on seven GII.7[P7] strains. Results: Between January 2017 and June 2024, 150 norovirus outbreaks were reported, with GII norovirus causing 83.3% of these outbreaks. We identified 16 distinct genotypes. Among the 102 GII genotype outbreaks, non-GII.4 norovirus outbreaks (81.4%) significantly outnumbered GII.4 norovirus outbreaks (18.6%). The three most prevalent genotypes during the study period were GII.2[P16] (46.1%, 47/102), GII.3[P12] (14.7%, 15/102), and GII.4 Sydney[P16] (12.7%, 13/102). GII.2[P16] predominated in 2017, 2018, and 2020, while GII.3[P12] was the dominant genotype in 2022. Multiple genotypes emerged in 2023. In the first half of 2024, GII.4 Sydney[P16] became predominant (36.9%), while a novel GII.7[P7] variant emerged, accounting for 26.3% of outbreaks. All seven GII.7[P7] genome sequences formed an independent branch in both VP1 and polymerase regions. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that non-GII.4 noroviruses play an increasingly important role in outbreaks in Beijing. Continuous surveillance is needed to better understand and control norovirus outbreaks in future epidemic seasons.
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