Article in Neurology. Clinical practice, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
2 · The registry
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
3 · Its place in the literature
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
5 · Who and what money
Authors and funding
34 authors.
Maximilian EinsiedlerMultiple Sclerosis Centre and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0786-2872
Lisa HoferMultiple Sclerosis Centre and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9312-2522
Pascal BenkertMultiple Sclerosis Centre and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6525-8174
Cathrine AxforsMultiple Sclerosis Centre and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.
Francesca BedussiDivision of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacological Sciences of Southern Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland.
Jannis MüllerMultiple Sclerosis Centre and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1394-8231
Johanna OechteringMultiple Sclerosis Centre and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5359-7961
Johannes LorscheiderMultiple Sclerosis Centre and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1100-2506
Edoardo GalliMultiple Sclerosis Centre and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9760-2643
Bettina Fischer-BarnicolMultiple Sclerosis Centre and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9369-7238
Marcus D'SouzaMultiple Sclerosis Centre and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5175-9541
Sabine Anna SchaedelinMultiple Sclerosis Centre and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1150-0962
Aleksandra Maleska MaceskiMultiple Sclerosis Centre and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1916-5927
Cristina GranzieraMultiple Sclerosis Centre and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4917-8761
Caroline PotService of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1146-3129
Renaud A Du PasquierService of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
Ludwig KapposMultiple Sclerosis Centre and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4175-5509
Tobias J DerfussMultiple Sclerosis Centre and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8656-4250
David LeppertMultiple Sclerosis Centre and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6172-801X
Jens KuhleMultiple Sclerosis Centre and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6963-8892
Özgür YaldizliMultiple Sclerosis Centre and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (RC2NB), Departments of Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0800-4845
as the Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Cohort Study
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
6 · The paper itself
Abstract
Backgrounds and Objectives: Managing multiple sclerosis (MS) during pregnancy and postpartum is a therapeutic challenge. We aim to describe therapy regimens, clinical and MRI disease activity, and serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) levels in all pregnancies observed between 2012 and 2023 among participants of the Swiss MS cohort. Methods: We assessed the treatment strategies during pregnancy and 1 year postpartum in all included pregnancies. We compared pregnancies continuously exposed to high-efficacy disease-modifying therapies (cHET: anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (aCD20) and natalizumab [NTZ]) with those where other therapeutic regimens (OTRs) were used. Disease activity was assessed by occurrence of relapses or new or enlarging T2w lesions (neT2Ls), as well as sNfL Z scores. We estimated odds ratios adjusted for age, disease duration, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score, and previous relapse rate using generalized estimating equation (GEE) models for the relapse endpoint and using Firth logistic regression for MRI activity. sNfL Z scores were compared between treatment categories at sampling using GEE models. Results: We analyzed 123 pregnancies in 93 women (median age [interquartile range {IQR}] 32.2 years [29.3, 35.7]; EDSS score [IQR] 1.5 [1.0, 2.0]). The last disease-modifying therapy (DMT) before birth was NTZ in 29 (23.5%) and aCD20 in 25 (20.3%) pregnancies; of those, 3 and 24 were exposed until birth, respectively (cHET). Fingolimod was the last treatment before birth in 25 pregnancies (20.3%), stopped in all before or after confirmation of pregnancy. Other DMTs were used in 39 pregnancies (31.7%); 5 remained untreated. Compared with cHET, patients with pregnancies under OTRs had higher proportions of relapses (34.4% vs 13.0%; n = 113, OR 4.52, 95% CI [1.35-15.11], Discussion: Treatment strategies for pregnant patients with MS were heterogeneous, and continuous exposure to HET showed superior efficacy against acute disease activity compared with other DMTs or no treatment. Further studies are needed to confirm these results and assess maternal and fetal longer term outcomes.
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.
Treatment Strategies and Disease Activity During Pregnancy and Postpartum: Real-World Data From the Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Cohort. · full record | OpenQuestion