ReviewImmune network2025
The Diverse Function of IL-6 in Biological Processes and the Advancement of Cancer.
Review in Immune network, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Chronic Endometritis and Endometrial Polyps in Female Infertility: Etiological Mechanisms, Diagnostic Insights, and Prognostic Implications.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Anemia of Inflammation in Solid Tumor Patients and Practical Education for Oncologists and Nurses.Thoracic cancer · 2026Review
- Integrative Analysis of VSMC, Macrophage, and Fibroblast Responses to LDLs in Aortic Pathologies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Cytokine Profiling in Cutaneous Melanoma: The Emerging Role of Interleukins in Prognostic Stratification with an Up-to-Date Overview of Published Data.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Exercise-secreted antitumor myokines: mechanistic insights and translational potential.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Review
- Bidirectional regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic prospects of tumor hypercoagulable state and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.Oncology reviews · 2026Review
- Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of bidirectional crosstalk between hepatic stellate cell-derived cancer-associated fibroblasts and T cells in immune evasion and therapeutic resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Circulating cytokines as potential dynamic biomarkers of PD-1 blockade response and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Tumor-associated macrophages in gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis: orchestrating immune evasion, niche remodeling, and therapeutic resistance.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Emerging hallmarks and the rise of complexities and heterogeneity of tumor.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Review
- A review on the role of IL-6 in the onset and progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- The Prognostic Role of IL-6 and RBP4 in Colorectal Cancer.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Pro-inflammatory dietary patterns and their association with cardiovascular disease and pancreatic cancer in a hospital population: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Immunomodulatory effect of betulin and its derivatives on IL-6 expression in colorectal cancer cell lines and molecular docking insights.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This research examines the complex roles of IL-6 in the context of cancer, including its action on tumor cells and tumor microenvironment via modulation of immune, stroma cells, and endothelial cells. IL-6 mediates its tumor-supportive action mainly via traditional and trans-signaling, with tumor growth, immune evasion, and survival of tumor cells being its consequences. Elevated circulating levels of IL-6 correlate with more advanced disease and enhanced resistance against treatment, highlighting its importance as a target for treatment. Existing treatment modalities include anti-IL-6 and anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibodies, with small molecule JAK1/2 and STAT3 downstream targets. The complex and redundant mechanisms of IL-6, however, challenge treatment efficacy. This review contextualizes the novel advancements in IL-6 target therapies and discusses combinatorial approaches under investigation to circumvent resistance and improve clinical outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.