Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40620154›Full record

ArticleEquine veterinary journal2026

Striking a balance: Stakeholder perceptions of risk in horse racing.

Jessie McCarthy, Heather A Cameron-Whytock, Euan D Bennet

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Equine veterinary journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Jessie McCarthySchool of Biodiversity, One Health, and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Heather A Cameron-WhytockSchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of Central Lancashire, Lancashire, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-2584
Euan D BennetSchool of Biodiversity, One Health, and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9049-1920

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThoroughbred racing is a major industry, and in recent years public concerns about equine safety have become more prominent, particularly in relation to on-track injuries and fatalities. This has challenged the industry's social licence to operate (SLO).

objectivesTo investigate and elucidate how United Kingdom and Irish racing stakeholders perceive risks to racehorses on race day and how those risks should be managed. STUDY

designQualitative analysis of stakeholder perspectives using a constructionist approach.

methodsTwelve stakeholders from veterinary, communication, and regulatory sectors within racing in the United Kingdom and Ireland were interviewed. Semi-structured interviews were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

resultsThree key themes were developed 'Managing Risk, or Managing the Message?', 'The Balance between Tradition and Progress on Reducing Risks', and 'Attributing Responsibility and the Public Disconnect'. Participants framed risk according to public misunderstanding and effective communication, while others placed increased emphasis on welfare risks and proactive mitigation measures. Some participants viewed 'accidents' as unavoidable, others believed that more could be done to minimise avoidable risk. Attribution of responsibility was directed towards various industry stakeholders including trainers, jockeys, regulators and the public. Interviewees noted the industry to be rooted in tradition and slow to adapt to changing expectations. MAIN LIMITATIONS: Familiarity between the interviewing researcher and some participants may have encouraged open discussion but could have influenced how responses were framed.

conclusionsStakeholders framed risk in ways shaped by public expectations, culture, tradition, and lived experience. There is shared concern for equine welfare and a desire for improved safety measures in conjunction with the management of public perceptions. For a sustainable future, internal divisions must be resolved, shared goals established, and proactive engagement with science pursued to safeguard equine welfare and sustain public support.

Indexed as

SportsAnimalsAnimal WelfareHorsesHumansIrelandPerceptionUnited Kingdomhorsehorse racinghorse welfareindustry perceptionrisk factorsThoroughbred racing

Identifiers

PMID40620154
PMCPMC13041589

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.