ArticleCNS neuroscience & therapeutics2025
rTMS Improves Cognition in Patients With Self-Limited Epilepsy With Centrotemporal Spikes With Electrical Status Epilepticus in Sleep via Increase of the Sleep Spindle.
Article in CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Altered Glymphatic-Related MRI Metrics and Brain Network Reorganization in Drug-Naive Children With Self-Limited Epilepsy With Centrotemporal Spikes.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Developmental and/or Epileptic Encephalopathy with Spike-Wave Activation in Sleep: From Thalamocortical Mechanisms to Precision Therapy.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Functional connectivity in self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes increases with epilepsy duration and interictal spike exposure.Epilepsia · 2026Article
- rTMS Improves Cognition in Patients With Self-Limited Epilepsy With Centrotemporal Spikes With Electrical Status Epilepticus in Sleep via Increase of the Sleep Spindle.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Study on brain functional networks and wearable device monitoring in children with SeLECTs and high spike-wave index (SWI >50%).Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPatients with self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (SeLECTS) and electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES) lead to cognitive impairment. However, therapeutic options are limited.
objectivesThe sleep spindle is a biomarker of cognitive dysfunction in patients with SeLECTS. This study aimed to explore whether the sleep spindle is linked to the outcome of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in patients with SeLECTS with ESES.
methodsNine patients with SeLECTS with ESES underwent low-frequency rTMS (≤ 1 Hz) or continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) for 10 days. To assess the clinical efficacy and alteration in the sleep spindle, EEG recordings were performed both before and after rTMS. A machine learning algorithm YASA was used to calculate the coupling of the sleep spindle and slow waves.
results75% of patients remained seizure-free for 6 months after rTMS. The spike-wave index (SWI) decreased significantly after rTMS compared with the baseline. The sleep spindle significantly increased in all patients at 3 months and 6 months after rTMS (p = 0.002). Both IQ and MQ improved significantly at 6 months after rTMS. Improvement of IQ and increase of the sleep spindle was significantly positively correlated (p = 0.035). The mean probability of the sleep spindle coupling in the slow wave "up" state increased from 28% to 55%. CONCLUSION(S): Increase of the sleep spindle and the mean probability of the sleep spindle coupling in the slow wave "up" state might be a potential mechanism for cognition improvement in patients with SeLECTS with ESES.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.