ArticleBMC public health2025
Prevalence and patterns of multiple long-term conditions among lymphatic filariasis patients in Odisha, India: a community-based cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionNeglected tropical diseases (NTDs), such as lymphatic filariasis, mimic other chronic conditions and share common risk behaviors with parallel health system issues that require unique interventions. Multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs or multimorbidity), defined as two or more chronic conditions has become increasingly common in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as India. However, data on the prevalence of the interface between NTDs and other chronic conditions are lacking. We estimated the prevalence and correlates of MLTC, assessed the commonly occurring patterns, and investigated the association between self-rated health (SRH) and the number of chronic conditions among patients with lymphatic filariasis.
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in Odisha, India, using a prevalidated MLTC assessment tool. We employed systematic random sampling to recruit 584 participants aged ≥ 18 years having lymphatic filariasis. MLTC was defined as the coexistence of one or more chronic conditions along with lymphatic filariasis. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify the correlates presented as adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted to identify the major clusters of chronic conditions. An ordinal regression model was used to assess the association between SRH and the number of chronic conditions.
resultsThe overall prevalence of MLTC was 68.8% (95% CI: 64.9-72.6), while the mean number of chronic conditions was 2 ± 2.3. The chance of having MLTCs was greater among males [AOR: 3.9 (95% CI: 2.1-7.3)] than females. Participants with education at the primary and secondary school levels had greater odds of having MLTC [AOR: 2.2 (95% CI: 1.3-3.7)] and [AOR: 2.3 (95% CI: 1.3-3.8)], respectively. The commonly observed triad was lymphatic filariasis with arthritis and peptic ulcer disease (1.5%), while the most common tetrad was lymphatic filariasis, hypertension, diabetes and peptic ulcer disease (0.7%). There was a per unit decrease in SRH with each additional chronic condition.
conclusionWe observed a high prevalence of MLTC among people with lymphatic filariasis. The findings of this study will not only be useful for both resource and planning in India but also in similar LMICs with a high burden of lymphatic filariasis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.