ArticleBMC oral health2025
Effect of Caps Warmer and VisCalor Dispenser preheating on the color stability and surface roughness of resin composites after coffee immersion: an in vitro study.
Article in BMC oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of curing mode and composite pre-heating on bonding performance of flowable resin composite to enamel.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the color stability of resin composites against new color changes following a whitening procedure using mouthwashes.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Effect of immersion in different media on the color stability, surface roughness, and microhardness of flowable nanohybrid resin composites.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- The effect of di̇fferent preheati̇ng methods on the intrapulpal temperature of bulk-fi̇ll composi̇te resi̇ns.BMC oral health · 2025Article
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3 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundProlonged exposure to coffee can lead to pronounced color changes and increased surface roughness in resin composites (RCs), effects that may be worsened by certain preheating methods. Although preheating is used to facilitate handling and enhance polymerization, evidence regarding its long-term impact on color stability and surface properties remains limited. This study investigates how different preheating approaches affect the esthetic performance and surface roughness of RCs, providing insights to guide clinical practice.
methodsFour RCs (GrandioSO, Admira Fusion, Admira Fusion Xtra, VisCalor Bulk) were tested. Each RC was divided into three subgroups according to the preheating condition: two different devices (Caps Warmer and VisCalor Dispenser) and a non-preheated group. These were then split into two subgroups (distilled water and coffee) for storage (n = 8), resulting in 192 disc-shaped specimens. In the Caps Warmer group, preheating was done at 68 °C for 3 min, whereas in the VisCalor Dispenser group, it was done at 68 °C for 30 s. All RCs were immersed in coffee for 10 and 30 days. Color measurements were conducted at baseline (T1), 10 days (T2) and 30 days (T3) after immersion. Color differences (ΔE₀₀) were calculated using the CIEDE2000 formula and a profilometer assessed surface roughness (Ra). Statistical analyses were performed using Multivariate and Robust ANOVA (p < 0.05).
resultsThe highest ΔE
conclusionsUsing preheating devices may increase color changes in resin composites, particularly after prolonged immersion in a staining medium like coffee. Selecting an appropriate preheating method for timing and usability may be crucial for maintaining color stability. This study underscores the importance of considering both material choice and preheating technique in clinical applications to minimize discoloration risk.
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