Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40617950›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Impact of generative AI interaction and output quality on university students' learning outcomes: a technology-mediated and motivation-driven approach.

Yun Bai, Shaofeng Wang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Yun BaiEngineering Training Center, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, 030008, China.
Shaofeng WangInternational Business School, Fuzhou University of International Studies and Trade, Fuzhou, 350202, China. vipwhsl@hotmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0300-2453

Funding

Zhejiang Province Education Science Planning 2023 General Planning Project 2023SCG399
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigates the influence of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) on university students' learning outcomes, employing a technology-mediated learning perspective. We developed and empirically tested an integrated model, grounded in interaction theory and technology-mediated learning theory, to examine the relationships between GAI interaction quality, GAI output quality, and learning outcomes. The model incorporates motivational factors (learning motivation, academic self-efficacy, and creative self-efficacy) as mediators and creative thinking as a moderator. Data from 323 Chinese university students, collected through a two-wave longitudinal survey, revealed that both GAI interaction quality and output quality positively influenced learning motivation and creative self-efficacy. Learning motivation significantly mediated the relationship between GAI output quality and learning outcomes. Furthermore, creative thinking moderated several pathways within the model, with some variations observed across the two time points. These findings provide theoretical and practical insights into the effective integration of GAI tools in higher education, highlighting the importance of both interaction and output quality in optimizing student learning experiences.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceLearningMotivationStudentsAdultChinaFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleSelf EfficacyUniversitiesYoung AdultCreative thinkingGenerative AIHigher educationLearning outcomesMotivationTechnology-mediated learning

Identifiers

PMID40617950
PMCPMC12228813

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.