ArticleNature communications2025
A tough and robust hydrogel constructed through carbon dots induced crystallization domains integrated orientation regulation.
Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Engineering biomimetic tarsal microtissue via structurally zoned hydrogel scaffold for integrated eyelid reconstruction.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Self-Assembled Living Microreactors for Selective Microcystin Removal via Cascade Sieving, Adsorption and Biodegradation.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Trainable Hydrogels: Mechanistic Principles, Training Strategies, and Frontier Applications.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Review
- Freezing-Induced Spatial Confinement During Cryo-Polymerization Enables Stable Intrinsic Luminescence in Hydrogels.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Ultrastrong and Tough Anisotropic Organogel via Alignment-Induced Densification and Glycerol Plasticization.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Aqueous/Alcohol-Soluble Carbon Dot Light-Emitting Diodes.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Biomass-Derived Hydrogels for Load-Bearing Connective Tissue Repair: Integrative Reinforcement, Bio-Functional Design, and Emerging Pathways Toward Clinical Translation.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Ionic Hydration Engineering Enables Tissue-Like Conductive all-Polymer Hydrogels With Subzero-Temperature Tolerance.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Architecting bioinspired nanocrystalline domains for ultimate robust and transparent cellulose photonic hydrogels.Science advances · 2026Article
- Catechol Derivative-Based Bioadhesives: Molecular Design for Precision Medical Adhesion.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Fluorescent Poly(vinyl alcohol) Composite Films Incorporating Doped Carbon Dots for Heavy Metal Detection in Smart Packaging Applications.ACS omega · 2026Article
- A Roadmap for Extreme-Mechanics Hydrogels: From Toughening Mechanisms to Intelligent System Integration.Nano-micro letters · 2026Review
- Carbon Dots Intercalated MXene for Flexible Organic Hydrogel Absorbers with Synergistically Enhanced Dielectric Loss.Nano-micro letters · 2026Article
- Chitosan-based hydrogels: bentonite supported architectures explored for removal of cadmium(ii) from aqueous solution.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Large-Scale In Situ Formation Perovskite Quantum Dots/Elastomer Composite for High-Performance White Light-Emitting Diodes.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Smart molecular design for functional cellulose gels and flexible devices.Smart molecules : open access · 2026Review
- Molecular mechanism of biocompatible clusteroluminogens from citric acid and l-lysine.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Strong living scaffolds for load-bearing musculoskeletal tissue regeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Tough hydrogels show great potential applied in flexible electronics, sensors and soft robotics, but it remains challenging to combine high strength, toughness and stability. Here, we report the use of carbon dots (CDs) to induce the formation of crystalline domains, to give materials with favourable properties. The CDs act as nanoscale nucleation-sites within polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels, forming dense crystalline domains that serve as physical crosslinking sites. These domains enable a "pinning effect" that enhances energy dissipation and restricts crack propagation. The resulting hydrogels exhibit strong mechanical performance, including tensile strength up to 156 MPa and toughness of 225 MJ m
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.