Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40617407›Full record

ArticleJournal of advanced research2026

Study of the sensitization mechanism of immunoassay based on DNA tetrahedron spatial mediation for detecting imidacloprid in vegetables.

Rongqi Zhai, Donghui Xu, Beibei Liu, Xing Zhang, Guangyang Liu, Linglong Chen, Junjiang Liu, Maojun Jin, Jing Wang, Ge Chen

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of advanced research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Rongqi ZhaiInstitute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Ministry of Agriculture Vegetable Product Quality Safety Risk Assessment Laboratory, Beijing 100081, PR China.
Donghui XuInstitute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Ministry of Agriculture Vegetable Product Quality Safety Risk Assessment Laboratory, Beijing 100081, PR China. Electronic address: xudonghui@caas.cn.
Beibei LiuInstitute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Ministry of Agriculture Vegetable Product Quality Safety Risk Assessment Laboratory, Beijing 100081, PR China; College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, PR China.
Xing ZhangInstitute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Ministry of Agriculture Vegetable Product Quality Safety Risk Assessment Laboratory, Beijing 100081, PR China.
Guangyang LiuInstitute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Ministry of Agriculture Vegetable Product Quality Safety Risk Assessment Laboratory, Beijing 100081, PR China.
Linglong ChenInstitute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Ministry of Agriculture Vegetable Product Quality Safety Risk Assessment Laboratory, Beijing 100081, PR China.
Junjiang LiuInstitute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Ministry of Agriculture Vegetable Product Quality Safety Risk Assessment Laboratory, Beijing 100081, PR China.
Maojun JinInstitute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, 100081, PR China.
Jing WangInstitute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, 100081, PR China.
Ge ChenInstitute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Ministry of Agriculture Vegetable Product Quality Safety Risk Assessment Laboratory, Beijing 100081, PR China. Electronic address: chenge@caas.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionEnzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) is a widely adopted method for detecting pesticide residues such as imidacloprid because of its speed, low cost, and simplicity. However, antibody adsorption immobilization on solid-phase surfaces often leads to spatial crowding, resulting in reduced accessibility of antigen-binding sites and compromised assay sensitivity.

objectiveThis study aimed to address the limitations of conventional immunoassays by introducing DNA tetrahedron (TDN) as spatial mediators. Spatial mediation of antibodies using TDN allows for sequential targeting and full exposure of the antibody to the recognition site.

methodsFirstly, the sequence of TDN was designed using python language. And then, the TDN was labelled on the surface of magnetic beads (MBs) for spatial mediation orientation of antibody to form MB@TDN@Ab immunoprobe, exposing the specific recognition Fab region of the antibody. The sensitization mechanism of immunoassay based on TDN spatial mediation was explored for detecting imidacloprid in vegetables.

resultsThe MB@TDN@Ab immunoprobe acquired a higher affinity constant (Dissociation equilibrium constant (K

conclusionA convenient, efficient and sensitive immunoassay was established for detecting imidacloprid in vegetables in the study. The MB@TDN@Ab immunoprobe improves immunoassay performance while supporting safer food monitoring practices. These findings contribute to sustainable agricultural safety, public health assurance, and innovation in biosensing technologies.

Indexed as

DNANeonicotinoidsNitro CompoundsPesticide ResiduesVegetablesEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayImmunoassayDNAimidaclopridNeonicotinoidsNitro CompoundsPesticide ResiduesDetectionDNA tetrahedronImidaclopridImmunoassaySpatial mediation

Identifiers

PMID40617407
PMCPMC13000939

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.