Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40617228›Full record

ArticleBrain and language2025

Neural associations between fingerspelling, print, and signs: An ERP priming study with deaf readers.

Brittany Lee, Sofia E Ortega, Priscilla M Martinez, Katherine J Midgley, Phillip J Holcomb, Karen Emmorey

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain and language, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Fingerspelling as a pathway to deaf children's reading: a scoping review.Journal of deaf studies and deaf education · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Brittany LeeJoint Doctoral Program in Language and Communicative Disorders, San Diego State University & University of California, San Diego, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182, USA. Electronic address: britlee@chapman.edu.
Sofia E OrtegaSan Diego State University Research Foundation, 5250 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
Priscilla M MartinezSan Diego State University Research Foundation, 5250 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
Katherine J MidgleySan Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
Phillip J HolcombSan Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
Karen EmmoreySan Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.

Funding

Language, Modality and the BrainR01DC010997 · NIDCD · SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI KAREN EMMOREY · 2010 to 2026
$8.6M
Diversity supplement - Assessing the neural dynamics of reading in deaf adultsR01DC014246 · NIDCD · SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI KAREN EMMOREY · 2015 to 2026
$4.5M
Training in the Cognitive Neuroscience of CommunicationT32DC017703 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS · PI Inge-Marie Eigsti, Emily B Myers · 2019 to 2026
$2.3M
NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC010997NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC014246NIDCD NIH HHS T32 DC017703
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fingerspelling is a leading predictor of reading ability for deaf people who use a signed language, but few neuroimaging studies have examined how it supports reading. We used event-related potentials to investigate how fingerspelled words prime printed words. Twenty-four skilled deaf adult readers completed a Go/No-Go task while viewing printed English word targets following related and unrelated primes in one of three conditions: printed English words, American Sign Language (ASL) signs, and fingerspelled words. N400 priming effects were strong across all three conditions. Early N400 effects were similar for printed word primes and fingerspelled word primes, suggesting shared orthographic representations. Late N400 effects were strongest for printed word primes, reflecting less effortful processing when primes and targets were in the same printed modality. These findings provide evidence for cross-language and cross-modal priming between fingerspelled and printed words and underscore the importance of fingerspelling in developing word representations for skilled reading.

Indexed as

BrainDeafnessEvoked PotentialsReadingSign LanguageAdultElectroencephalographyFemaleHumansMaleYoung AdultAmerican Sign LanguageDeaf readersERPsFingerspellingWord processing

Identifiers

PMID40617228
PMCPMC12273589

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.