Trial reportBMC nephrology2025
Impact of clinical pharmacy services on medication adherence and quality of life in pre-dialysis patients with CKDu: a randomized controlled trial from Sri Lanka.
Trial report in BMC nephrology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Medication Adherence and Clinical Outcomes among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A 6-month Prospective Evaluation using Individual Adherence Assessment.Journal of research in pharmacy practice · 2026Article
- Pharmacist-Led Interventions to Improve Medication Adherence Among Patients with Multimorbidity: A Scoping Review.Patient preference and adherence · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology (CKDu) is chronic kidney disease (CKD) where etiology is uncertain. CKDu is predominant among farmers in North Central Province (NCP), Sri Lanka. CKD remains asymptomatic until advanced stages. As disease progresses, patients experience comorbidities (anemia, bone mineral disorder, cardiovascular complications). Increasing medication burden contributes to challenges in medication adherence. Several factors cause impairments and reduce quality of life (QOL). Studies assessing clinical pharmacy services on medication adherence and QOL among CKDu patients are scarce. This study evaluated impact of clinical pharmacy services on medication adherence and QOL among CKDu outpatients at a tertiary hospital in NCP, Sri Lanka.
methodsA randomized controlled trial was conducted in pre-dialysis renal clinics, enrolling patients diagnosed with CKDu stages 4 or 5. Sealed envelope technique was used to randomize participants to control group (CG) or intervention group (IG). IG received standard care plus four counselling sessions by the clinical pharmacist. Medication name, dose, frequency, and side effects were counselled over 12 months (at recruitment, two, six and ten months). CG received standard care. Demographics were collected at recruitment. Self-reported medication adherence and QOL were assessed at baseline and after 12 months using Brief Medication Questionnaire (BMQ) [Median, Inter Quartile Range (IQR)] and Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short Form (KDQOL-SF), [Mean, Standard Deviation (SD)] respectively. Three summary QOL scores were calculated: Kidney Disease Component Summary (KDCS), Physical Component Summary (PCS), and Mental Component Summary (MCS). Mann-Whitney U test and independent samples t-test were used in analysis.
resultsOf 252 participants, 196 completed study (CG = 99,IG = 97). Total BMQ scores were significantly lower in IG (3 [2-4]) compared to CG (5 [4-5])(p < 0.001), indicating better medication adherence. Three QOL scores were higher in IG: KDCS 79.35(± 9.20) vs. 70.90 (± 12.60)(p < 0.001), PCS 67.92(± 18.42) vs. 47.39(± 19.73)(p < 0.001), and MCS 88.52 (± 16.67) vs. 80.07(± 16.77)(p = 0.001).
conclusionsIntervention significantly enhanced medication adherence and QOL among pre-dialysis patients with CKDu, demonstrating the positive impact of added clinical pharmacy services to existing healthcare team in managing CKD patients.
trial registrationThe trial was prospectively registered in the Sri Lanka Clinical Trials Registry on 16th of December 2015. Trial registration number was SLCTR/2015/030. ( https://slctr.lk/trials/slctr-2015-030 ).
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