Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40615708›Full record

ArticleEuropean archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery2025

Even microscopic extranodal extension has significant recurrent and metastatic potential in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Takuma Morita, Toru Sasaki, Yukiko Sato, Hirofumi Fukushima, Wataru Shimbashi, Akira Seto, Yu Koizumi, Ryosuke Kamiyama, Kazunori Ichikawa, Takashi Toshiyasu and 2 more

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Article in European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Takuma MoritaDepartment of Head and Neck, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan. tmorita.hnc@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1768-8951
Toru SasakiDepartment of Head and Neck, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
Yukiko SatoDepartment of Pathology, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.
Hirofumi FukushimaDepartment of Head and Neck, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
Wataru ShimbashiDepartment of Head and Neck, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
Akira SetoDepartment of Head and Neck, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
Yu KoizumiDepartment of Head and Neck, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
Ryosuke KamiyamaDepartment of Head and Neck, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
Kazunori IchikawaDepartment of Head and Neck, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
Takashi ToshiyasuDepartment of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.
Syunji TakahashiDepartment of Medical Oncology, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.
Hiroki MitaniDepartment of Head and Neck, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeExtranodal extension (ENE) in the metastatic lymph nodes of head and neck cancer is widely recognised as a high-risk factor for postoperative recurrence and metastasis. Major ENE (ENEma) cases have a poor prognosis; however, the potential for recurrence and metastasis in microscopic ENE (ENEmi) cases is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to analyse the characteristics of ENEma and ENEmi to verify the clinical and histopathological significance of ENEmi.

methodsWe included 170 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma who underwent initial surgery at our institution between 2012 and 2020. Using a cut-off value of 2 mm, ENE cases were divided into the ENEma group (63 cases), ENEmi group (39 cases), and ENEn (ENE none; 68 cases). Prognosis and recurrence were compared between the three groups.

resultsThere was a statistically significant decrease in the survival curve of patients with ENEma with respect to overall survival (OS) (p = 0.03). However, both ENEma and ENEmi groups showed similar curves for locoregional control (LRC) and distant control (DC). When comparing the ENEmi and ENEn groups, a statistically significant decrease in survival was observed for both LRC and DC (LRC, p = 0.02; DC, p = 0.01).

conclusionENEmi tumours have significant recurrent and metastatic potential; therefore, histopathological detection of micrometastatic lesions is of great importance. The validity of postoperative treatment for ENEmi cases needs to be verified in further prospective studies.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Squamous CellExtranodal ExtensionMouth NeoplasmsNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansLymphatic MetastasisMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRetrospective StudiesSurvival RateAdjuvantChemoradiotherapyExtranodal extensionLymphatic metastasisMouth neoplasmsSquamous cell carcinoma of head and neck

Identifiers

PMID40615708

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.