Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40615623›Full record

ReviewSurgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA2025

Anatomy and biomechanics of posterior ligamentous complex of the human spine: a narrative review.

Stylianos Kapetanakis, Mikail Chatzivasiliadis, Nikolaos Gkantsinikoudis

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Laminectomy aloneWorld journal of orthopedics · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Stylianos KapetanakisSpine Department and Deformities, Interbalkan European Medical Center, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Mikail ChatzivasiliadisSpine Department and Deformities, Interbalkan European Medical Center, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Nikolaos GkantsinikoudisSpine Department and Deformities, Interbalkan European Medical Center, Thessaloniki, Greece. nikgkantsinikoudis@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7868-6880

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Posterior ligamentous complex (PLC) serves as a crucial structural support of the human spine, consisting of the supraspinous ligament (SSL), interspinous ligament (ISL), and ligamentum flavum (LF), with each of these ligaments contributing greatly to limit biomechanical stress. While there is a general agreement on these key components, the literature still varies regarding the inclusion of the intertransverse ligament (ITL) and facet joint (FJ) capsules. Together, these ligaments contribute 30-40% of spinal stability. Preserving the structural and functional integrity of the PLC is essential in surgical planning, as ligaments that are compromised can affect postoperative spinal alignment and load distribution. While it has been revealed that each ligament has unique biomechanical properties, their collective function is essential for distributing mechanical loads and protecting adjacent structures. In this narrative review we offer an in-depth synthesis of the current available literature and offer an essential foundation for clinicians and researchers who aim to study the PLC biomechanical and anatomical function.

Indexed as

Ligaments, ArticularLigamentum FlavumSpineBiomechanical PhenomenaHumansInterspinous ligamentLigamentum flavumPosterior ligamentous complexSpineSupraspinous ligament

Identifiers

PMID40615623

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.