ArticleScientific reports2025
Relation between vitamin D deficiency and diabetic maculopathy.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Association of vitamin D3 and diabetic retinopathy in US adults: A cross-sectional study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Editorial of Special Issue "Molecular Research and Recent Advances in Diabetic Retinopathy: Second Edition".Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Association Between Serum Vitamin D3 Levels and Diabetic Macular Edema in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to DR progression, its specific role in diabetic maculopathy remains underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and diabetic maculopathy. In this cross-sectional study, 68 patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examinations, including OCTA to assess superficial and deep vascular density and foveal avascular zone (FAZ), alongside measurement of serum vitamin D levels. Patients with renal impairment, granulomatous diseases, or vitamin D supplementation were excluded. Of the 68 patients (54.4% female, 45.6% male; mean age 58 ± 7 years), vitamin D levels showed significant positive correlations with superficial vascular density in foveal (r = 0.711, P < 0.001), parafoveal (r = 0.852, P < 0.001), and perifoveal zones (r = 0.832, P < 0.001), and with deep vascular density in foveal (r = 0.868, P < 0.001), parafoveal (r = 0.790, P < 0.001), and perifoveal zones (r = 0.645, P < 0.001). Negative correlations were observed with FAZ in superficial (r = - 0.806, P < 0.001) and deep layers (r = - 0.801, P < 0.001). Multivariate linear regression, controlling for age, gender, and diabetes duration, confirmed vitamin D as a significant predictor of superficial and deep vascular density and FAZ parameters. Diabetic macular ischemia is closely linked to vitamin D deficiency, as shown by reduced vascular density and enlarged FAZ. These findings suggest that vitamin D may help prevent retinal microvascular damage in diabetic retinopathy.
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