ArticleScientific reports2025
Quantitative evaluation of thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries under critical heating conditions to enhance safety.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Review of Failure Modes and Safety Strategies of Lithium-Ion Batteries from Materials to Systems.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- An investigation of critical parameters on spontaneous combustion for lithium-ion battery using bifurcation theory.Scientific reports · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Thermal stability in lithium-ion batteries is crucial for ensuring safety in energy storage systems and electric vehicles, where thermal runaway poses significant risks due to localized heating and the uncontrolled propagation of exothermic reactions. This study investigates the thermal dynamics in lithium-ion batteries under various critical heating conditions using a three-dimensional finite volume model. The research examines the effects of heating power, heating positions, and cell spacing on thermal runaway propagation patterns, focusing on both single-cell and multi-cell battery pack configurations. Analysis revealed that the direction of heat flow plays a significant role in thermal behavior, with side heating leading to faster runaway and central heating initially delaying initiation before accelerating at specific thresholds. Key findings indicate that lithium iron fluoride cathode materials exhibit superior thermal stability compared to nickel-manganese-cobalt-aluminum oxide types, and increasing cell spacing reduces the severity and timing of thermal runaway. A comparative evaluation of heating scenarios-side, central, and vertical-highlighted vertical 20 mm heating as the safest option. Moreover, the study details the heat release dynamics of different chemical processes: the negative solvent contributed the most significant heat generation (1.78 kW), while the solid electrolyte interphase layer produced the lowest (0.133 kW). Non-linear impacts of heating power were also observed, with a 7 kW/m
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