Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40615331›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of anaesthesia2025

Population-based multistate modelling of peritraumatic opioid use among trauma patients from the Norwegian Trauma Registry.

Sophia Engel, Leiv Arne Rosseland, Martijn Smits, Svetlana O Skurtveit, Jon Michael Gran, Trond Nordseth, Olav Røise, Henrik B Jacobsen

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In one paragraph

Article in British journal of anaesthesia, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Observational
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sophia EngelDepartment of Research and Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; The Mind Body Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: a.s.engel@psykologi.uio.no.
Leiv Arne RosselandDepartment of Research and Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Martijn SmitsThe Mind Body Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Svetlana O SkurtveitDepartment of Chronic Diseases, Division of Mental and Physical Health, The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research (SERAF), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Jon Michael GranOslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Trond NordsethDepartment of Research and Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Olav RøiseInstitute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Trauma Registry, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Henrik B JacobsenThe Mind Body Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Pain Management and Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrevious studies document high rates of long-term opioid use (LTU) among trauma patients, without accounting for opioid prescription doses, frequency, and medical indications. Using detailed LTU criteria, this study aimed to construct a multistate model of peritraumatic opioid use and elucidate reasons for posttraumatic LTU.

methodsThis population-based cohort study links data from the 2015-2018 cohorts in the Norwegian Trauma Registry (n=24 224) with outpatient medication prescription records from the Norwegian Prescription Database for 1 yr before and 2 yr after injury. LTU was assigned upon receiving ≥900 morphine milligram equivalents within 90 days and another opioid prescription 91-180 days after any initial prescription; it ended after 180 days without opioid prescriptions, emigration, or death. Prescriptions to patients with LTU in the year after injury were screened for chronic pain and palliative care reimbursement codes, and for opioid maintenance treatment preparations.

resultsPosttraumatic opioid prescriptions primarily increased as a result of short-term opioid use (STU), peaking at 38.2% and returning to pre-injury levels (5.4%) within 6 months. Increases in LTU were smaller (4.3% to 6.7%). Among patients with LTU in the year after injury (n=1946), 47.4% exhibited LTU and 18.3% STU in the 6 months pre-injury. Moreover, 36.0% were reimbursed for chronic pain medications, 5.9% for palliative care, and 13.1% received opioid maintenance treatment.

conclusionsIn our cohort, most patients with posttraumatic long-term opioid use had used opioids before injury, underscoring the need to address such use to minimise posttraumatic long-term opioid use. Few patients with long-term opioid use received palliative care or opioid maintenance treatment, indicating subacute and chronic pain as primary indications. As long-term opioid use for pain is highly controversial, findings emphasise a need for effective nonopioid alternatives.

Indexed as

Analgesics, OpioidWounds and InjuriesAdolescentAdultAgedChronic PainCohort StudiesDrug PrescriptionsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNorwayRegistriesYoung AdultAnalgesics, Opioidlong-term opioid usemultistate modelpersistent opioid useshort-term opioid usetraumatic injury

Identifiers

PMID40615331
PMCPMC12308083

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