Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40613476›Full record

ReviewJournal of the science of food and agriculture2026

Bee products as alternatives in the treatment of viral infections.

Michał Otręba, Łukasz Marek, Jerzy Stojko, Anna Rzepecka-Stojko

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of the science of food and agriculture, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Michał OtrębaDepartment of Drug and Cosmetics Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Sosnowiec, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7523-7737
Łukasz MarekDepartment of Toxicology, Toxicological Analysis and Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Sosnowiec, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2439-9744
Jerzy StojkoDepartment of Toxicology, Toxicological Analysis and Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Sosnowiec, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4009-4959
Anna Rzepecka-StojkoDepartment of Drug and Cosmetics Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Sosnowiec, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5221-5765

Funding

Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Medicines used in the treatment of viral infections usually reduce symptoms. There is a need to develop drugs that inhibit the viruses and do not merely relieve the symptoms. Natural bee products possess many pharmacological properties and are widely used in folk medicine. There are many studies on the antibacterial effects of bee products but little is known about their antiviral effects. An extensive literature search was conducted to find and summarize all articles about the antiviral activity of bee products such as bee bread, bee pollen, bee venom, beeswax, honey, propolis, and royal jelly. Analysis of the results showed that these products significantly affect RNA and DNA viruses, which are responsible for respiratory and digestive diseases. The bee products described in the review decrease the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC

Indexed as

Antiviral AgentsVirus DiseasesAnimalsBeesBee VenomsFatty AcidsHoneyHumansPollenPropolisRoyal JellyWaxesAntiviral AgentsbeeswaxBee VenomsFatty AcidsPropolisRoyal JellyWaxesantiviral activitybee breadbee pollenbeeswaxbee venomDNA viruseshoneypropolisRNA virusesroyal jelly

Identifiers

PMID40613476
PMCPMC12623280

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.