ArticleJournal of primary care & community health
Development and Initial Validation of a Brief Measure of TikTok Addiction in a Multi-Country Sample.
Article in Journal of primary care & community health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mediating Effect of Perceived Ageism Experiences Between TikTok Addiction Symptoms and Psychological Distress: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Creation and Initial Validation of the Skin Dysmorphia Scale: Time for a New Concept to Arise in the Medical Field.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2026Article
- Does short-video addiction among college students contribute to sleep disorders? A mediation analysis based on network modeling.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Quality and content analysis of syphilis-related short videos on Douyin (TikTok): A cross-sectional study.Digital healthArticle
- Construction and Validation of the Binge-Watching Addiction Scale (BiWAS): Validity, Reliability, and Measurement Invariance in a Large Multinational Adult Sample From the Middle East.Journal of primary care & community healthArticle
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe dramatic increase in TikTok use over the past few years has generated a major challenge globally. Providing researchers with a valid, reliable, yet brief measure may stimulate large-scale epidemiological research that can help to clarify the mechanisms involved in susceptibility to TikTok addiction and guide the development of prevention strategies. The objective of our study was to design and validate a brief measure that we labelled the TikTok Addiction Test (TAT) using a multi-country sample, with a specific focus on measuring the 6 core features of addiction through 1 item each.
methodA multi-country survey with a cross-sectional design was conducted in February of 2025 among general population adults (N = 3362) from five Arab countries: Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Oman, and Palestine.
resultsA single-factor solution was obtained in the Exploratory Factor Analysis and corroborated in the Confirmatory Factor Analysis, indicating an adequate goodness-of-fit indices, with all 6 items satisfactorily loading on the same latent variable. In addition, the internal consistency reliability indicators were excellent for the entire measure, with Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega values of 0.91. We found invariance in factor structure, factor loadings, and intercepts between sexes and for country groups. A total of 207 (6.2%) participants were identified as TikTok addicts. Females exhibited significantly higher mean TAT scores than males. Palestinian and Lebanese participants reported the highest TikTok addiction scores, followed by Egyptians, Jordanians, and Omani. Finally, significant positive associations were observed between TAT scores and smartphone addiction, depression, anxiety, and loneliness, supporting the concurrent validity of the scale.
conclusionResults suggest that the TAT is a simple and useful instrument for measuring TikTok addiction of general population adults with only 6 items and 1 factor. As a brief self-report measure, the TAT can be highly valuable in time- and resource-pressured real-life settings, and offers a foundation for future research in this area.
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