Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40612638›Full record

ArticleRSC advances2025

Detection of lamivudine using liquid-surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.

Lebogang Thobakgale, Lungile Nomcebo Thwala, Patience Mthunzi-Kufa

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in RSC advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Lebogang ThobakgalePhotonics Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research PO Box 395 Pretoria 0001 South Africa LThobakgale@csir.co.za.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2491-6948
Lungile Nomcebo ThwalaPhotonics Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research PO Box 395 Pretoria 0001 South Africa LThobakgale@csir.co.za.
Patience Mthunzi-KufaPhotonics Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research PO Box 395 Pretoria 0001 South Africa LThobakgale@csir.co.za.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antiretroviral medications such as lamivudine (LAM) are central to the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Because of the rise in the substandard production of these pharmaceuticals, new methods of quality control are required. In this study, the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for the detection and quantification of LAM at low concentrations was explored using a new method known as liquid-surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (liquid-SERS). AgNPs (20-80% v/v) were prepared by chemical reduction and subsequently characterized by assessing their size, shape, absorbance, and molecular properties. A series of LAM samples (0-80 μg ml

Identifiers

PMID40612638
PMCPMC12224176

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.