Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40612624›Full record

ArticleSouthern African journal of HIV medicine2025

Urine-based assays for inpatients with HIV-associated tuberculosis in rural South Africa.

Mbulelo Mntonintshi, Bianca Sossen, Hloni Bookholane, Aimee Lifson, Lisa Africa, René Goliath, Nicola Wearne, Andy Parrish, Graeme Meintjes

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Southern African journal of HIV medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Prevalence and Mortality due toOpen forum infectious diseases · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Mbulelo MntonintshiDepartment of Family Medicine and Rural Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7745-5711
Bianca SossenDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6028-3351
Hloni BookholaneDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9746-7330
Aimee LifsonDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3253-0430
Lisa AfricaDepartment of Medicine, Mitchells Plain Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8207-2963
René GoliathWellcome Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9818-4634
Nicola WearneDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9917-223X
Andy ParrishDepartment of Internal Medicine, Frere and Cecilia Makiwane Hospitals, Walter Sisulu University Central Deanery, Mthatha, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3621-2318
Graeme MeintjesDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1196-4414

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Accurate non-sputum-based tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics are urgently needed to improve diagnostic yield and patient outcomes. Objectives: To compare the diagnostic accuracy and diagnostic yield of Urine Xpert Ultra (Urine-XPU) and Urine Determine Method: Adults (≥ 18 years) with HIV had sputum, urine and blood collected for comprehensive TB testing shortly after admission. Additionally, focused assessment with sonography for HIV-associated TB (FASH) was performed. The MRS was defined by Xpert Ultra or culture-based tests for Results: A total of 206 participants were enrolled, with a median age of 39 years and 63% were female. Using the MRS the sensitivity of AlereLAM was 45.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 31.2-60.1) and Urine-XPU, 59.5% (95%CI: 44.5-73.0); and the specificity of AlereLAM was 93.6% (95%CI: 88.2-96.6) and Urine-XPU 95.0% (95%CI: 90.0% - 97.6%). Urine-XPU and AlereLAM performed better than sputum Xpert Ultra (Sputum-XPU) in patients with more severe illness. Additionally, Urine-XPU showed potential for accurately detecting rifampicin resistance. Conclusion: Urine-XPU and AlereLAM demonstrated comparable diagnostic accuracy for TB in hospitalised adults with HIV. Integrating Urine-XPU alongside AlereLAM and Sputum-XPU may improve timely and accurate diagnosis of TB and rifampicin resistance. Further research is required to optimise the diagnosis-to-treatment pathway.

Indexed as

AlereLAMdiagnosticHIVinpatientnon-sputum-basedpragmatictuberculosisurine xpert ultra

Identifiers

PMID40612624
PMCPMC12224061

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.