Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40612083›Full record

ReviewJournal of Brown hospital medicine2025

Social Determinants of Health: The Impact of This Overlooked Vital Sign.

Katarina Vrtikapa, Farhana Hoque Urmy, Farzana Hoque

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of Brown hospital medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. The Power of Primary Care to Improve Health.Annals of family medicine · 2026
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  3. Review
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  11. Observational
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  18. The Experience of Accessing Primary Healthcare Centres in a Lebanese Community: Perspectives of Older People, Family Members and Service Providers.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025
    Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Katarina VrtikapaSaint Louis University School of Medicine.
Farhana Hoque UrmyDepartment of Geography University of Malaya.
Farzana HoqueDepartment of Medicine Saint Louis University.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Social determinants of health (SDOH)-conditions where individuals live, learn, work, and socialize-significantly influence health disparities and patient care outcomes. SDOH can be categorized into five key domains: economic stability, access to quality education, access to quality healthcare, neighborhood environments, and social support. Structural barriers such as economic inequality, limited transportation, and discrimination directly impact patients' willingness and ability to access care. Transportation barriers, notably among low-income and elderly populations, often result in delayed or missed care and worsening health outcomes. Within healthcare settings, disparities persist, with publicly insured and low socioeconomic status (SES) patients experiencing higher rates of adverse events, suboptimal treatment, and poorer clinical outcomes. Low SES patients typically receive less thorough clinician communication and report negative healthcare experiences, reducing trust and patient engagement. These disparities extend to post-hospitalization care, where unstable housing and limited community support increase hospital readmissions and reduce access to necessary follow-up care. Policy interventions, such as Medicaid expansion and Medicare's Transitional Care Management program, have successfully reduced healthcare disparities, yet broader systemic approaches remain essential. Understanding and addressing the role of SDOH at every stage-from initial care-seeking to post-discharge recovery-is vital for healthcare systems aiming to deliver equitable, inclusive care and improve long-term outcomes for vulnerable patient populations.

Indexed as

Healthcare accessHospitalizationLength of stayReadmissionSDOHSDOH ScreeningSocial determinants of health

Identifiers

PMID40612083
PMCPMC12224330

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.