ArticleActa psychiatrica Scandinavica2025
Does Lithium Lower the Risk of Glaucoma-A Danish Nationwide Study.
Article in Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Lithium as a Potential Neuroprotective Strategy in Glaucoma: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Does Lithium Lower the Risk of Glaucoma-A Danish Nationwide Study.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGlaucoma is an optic neuropathy caused by neurodegenerative loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGC). Mechanisms that contribute to RGC death include some of the same mechanisms involved in bipolar disorders (BD) and are the same mechanisms which are targeted by lithium (Li). We conducted a pharmacoepidemiological, population study in Denmark testing the links between Li prescriptions and risk of glaucoma. STUDY
designA nationwide, register-based historical, prospective cohort study of participants who were alive and over the age of 18 between January 1, 1996 and December 31, 2019. Participants were followed from the start of study until censoring or glaucoma. STUDY
resultsA total of 7,683,398 individuals (51.3% females) contributing 121,366,461 person-years were included in the study. In the general population, Li exposure was associated with developing glaucoma (HR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.02-1.19, p = 0.01), but this association was not present in the population with BD (HR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.93-1.22, p = 0.34). In the cumulative dosage analyses of the entire population, people with no Li prescription (HR = 0.78 95% CI = 0.66-0.93, p = 0.01) and between 365 defined daily doses (DDDs) and 5 × 365 DDDs of Li showed significantly reduced risk of glaucoma, relative to at least one prescription (HR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.64-0.99, p < 0.05).
conclusionBDs as indexed by Li prescription are associated with a greater risk of glaucoma. This is in keeping with generally increased rates of medical comorbidities in BD. While there was no clear dose-response relationship, some of the higher cumulative exposures to Li might be protective relative to a single prescription.
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