Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40611355›Full record

ArticleBMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation2025

Effectiveness of intelligent robotic-assisted training system combined with repetitive facilitative exercise on upper limb motor function after stroke: a randomized controlled trial.

Jing-Zhi Zhang, Jun Chen, Xiao-Long Liu, Lin-Bo Yan, Si-Mao Xu

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06435624 (Effectiveness of Intelligent Rehabilitation Robot Training System Combined With Repetitive Facilitative Exercise on Upper Limb Motor Function After Stroke), which is not on this map. Cited by 3 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06435624 nacompletednot on this map

Effectiveness of Intelligent Rehabilitation Robot Training System Combined With Repetitive Facilitative Exercise on Upper Limb Motor Function After Stroke: a Randomized Control Trial.

TypeinterventionalSponsorNanjing Mingzhou Rehabilitation HospitalRan2024 to 2024Enrolled81ConditionsStrokeArmsintelligent robotic-assisted training, repetitive facilitative exercise, conventional therapy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jing-Zhi ZhangDepartment of Rehabilitation Therapy, Nanjing Mingzhou Rehabilitation Hospital, Nanjing, China.
Jun ChenDepartment of Rehabilitation Therapy, Nanjing Mingzhou Rehabilitation Hospital, Nanjing, China.
Xiao-Long LiuSchool of Electronic Engineering and Automation, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, China.
Lin-Bo YanNanjing University School of Life Sciences, Nanjing, China.
Si-Mao XuChengdu Sport University School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu, China. 1293503089@qq.com.

Funding

the National Social Science Fund of China 19BTY124
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIntelligent robotic-assisted training (IRAT) has been proven to improve upper limb motor function after stroke, but it needs to be combined with other treatment methods to achieve better results. Neuromuscular facilitation manipulation is a common series of therapies for stroke clinical practice, and the Repetitive facilitative exercise (RFE) developed based on it has been widely applied. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of IRAT combined with RFE on upper limb motor function in stroke patients.

methodsIn this three-arm, single-blind randomized controlled trial, 76 patients with stroke were randomly assigned to the IRAT group (n = 25), the RFE group (n = 26) and the conventional therapy (CT) group (n = 25). The IRAT group received IRAT combined with RFE. The RFE group received only RFE. The CT group received conventional therapy. Interventions were administered five times weekly for four weeks. The primary outcome measure was upper limb motor function, assessed using the Fugl-Meyer assessment for upper extremity (FMA-UE) scale. Assessment instruments included with IRAT system provided additional measures, including kinematic reach range (KRR), active participation proportion (APP), trajectory deviation (TD), and trajectory tracking error (TTE).

resultsDemographic properties differences among the three groups were not significant (p > 0.05). At baseline, the groups did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). FMA-UE, KRR and APP increased significantly (p < 0.05) in all groups. TD and TTE decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in all groups. Post-intervention, the IRAT group showed significantly higher FMA-UE, KRR and APP scores compared to the RFE and CT groups. Additionally, TD and TTE were significantly lower in the IRAT group than in the RFE and CT groups.

conclusionIRAT combined with RFE was more effective in improving the upper limb motor function than RFE or CT after stroke.

trial registrationThis study was registered at https://www. CLINICALTRIALS: gov/ (NCT06435624; May 24, 2024).

Indexed as

Intelligent robotic-assisted trainingRehabilitationRepetitive facilitative exerciseStrokeUpper limb motor function

Identifiers

PMID40611355
PMCPMC12224511

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.