Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40610585›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Differential immunity induced by Omicron sublineages in naïve and vaccine breakthrough infections.

Noah Brazer, Mary Kate Morris, Venice Servellita, Miriam Oseguera, Nanami Sumimoto, Prachi Saldhi, Abiodun Foresythe, Jenny Nguyen, Debra A Wadford, Carl Hanson and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Noah Brazer *Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Mary Kate Morris *Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA.
Venice ServellitaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Miriam OsegueraDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Nanami SumimotoDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Prachi SaldhiDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Abiodun ForesytheDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Jenny NguyenDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Debra A WadfordViral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA.
Carl HansonViral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA. carl.hanson@cdph.ca.gov.
Charles Y ChiuDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. charles.chiu@ucsf.edu.

Funding

Discovery and clinical validation of host biomarkers of disease severity and multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) with Covid-19R33HD105618 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CHIU, CHARLES YEN, DE VLAMINCK, IWIJN · 2023 to 2023
$3.2M
Uncovering associations of variant infection with COVID-19 disease severity in childrenR61HD105618 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CHIU, CHARLES YEN, DE VLAMINCK, IWIJN · 2021 to 2022
$3.2M
CDC HHS 75D30121C10991National Institute of Child Health and Human Development R61HD105618NICHD NIH HHS R33 HD105618NICHD NIH HHS R61 HD105618
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The emergence of the Omicron variant in late 2021 gave rise to multiple descendent lineages, or sublineages, with progressively increased capacity for antibody evasion. Here we used live virus neutralization assays to quantify and compare homologous ("self") and cross-neutralizing antibody titers in 170 COVID-19 patients infected with either the Delta variant or an Omicron sublineage (BA.1, BA.2, BA.4/BA.5, BQ.1.1, and XBB.1.5) and 25 uninfected controls who had received the BA.5 bivalent booster vaccine. In control subjects, neutralizing antibody titers against BA.5 and earlier sublineages were significantly higher than against the later BQ.1.1 or XBB.1.5 sublineages, and differences in antibody titers between immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals were not significant. In patients infected with an Omicron sublineage, induced cross-neutralizing antibody responses were weaker and less durable against later compared to earlier sublineages. Self-neutralizing antibody titers against BQ.1.1 or XBB.1.5 in patients infected with these sublineages were also lower than cross-neutralizing titers against earlier sublineages. Our results suggest that immunological imprinting resulting from prior exposure to SARS-CoV-2 ("original antigenic sin"), whether via natural infection or vaccination, may have impaired neutralizing antibody responses to the later Omicron sublineages. The poorer elicited immunogenicity and increased capacity for antibody evasion of these sublineages explain in part their persistence and ongoing global circulation.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesSARS-CoV-2AdultAgedAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralBreakthrough InfectionsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeutralization TestsAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralCOVID-19 VaccinesBA.1BA.2BA.4BA.5BFBQ.1Breakthrough infectionCOVID-19DeltaNeutralizing antibodiesOmicronSARS-CoV-2 variantsVaccine boostingXBB

Identifiers

PMID40610585
PMCPMC12229590

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.