Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40610436›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Self-consistent hardness measurements spanning eleven decades of strain rate on a single material surface.

Luciano Borasi, Christopher A Schuh

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Luciano BorasiDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9191-1226
Christopher A SchuhDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. schuh@northwestern.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9856-2682

Funding

Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (Swiss National Science Foundation) P500PN_217723U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) DE-SC0018091U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) DE-SC0025282
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A comprehensive understanding of material strength across strain rates typically requires the combination of results from different methods, which often vary in loading conditions and/or sampled volumes, leading to discrepancies in material behavior. This study presents a microindentation approach to measure hardness covering eleven orders of magnitude in strain rate, from quasi-static to phonon drag-dominated rates, on a single material surface under uniform testing conditions. By engineering the geometry of impactors used in laser induced particle impact testing, we extend the breadth of accessible strain rates, including multiple distinct rates exceeding 10⁵ s⁻¹. This self-consistent approach provides clearer insights into high-rate deformation mechanisms. Our results demonstrate a gradual increase in hardness with strain rate from quasi-static up to ultra-high rates, where a sharp upturn in hardness is observed.

Identifiers

PMID40610436
PMCPMC12229530

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.