Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40609749›Full record

Trial reportThe American journal of clinical nutrition2025

Infant vitamin B12 status and its predictors - cross-sectional baseline results from an ongoing randomized controlled trial.

Sol Maja G Bjørkevoll, Maria O'Keeffe, Carolien Konijnenberg, Beate S Solvik, Alida F Sødal, Siri Kaldenbach, Adrian McCann, Per M Ueland, Ingrid Kvestad, Elisabeth Ersvær and 3 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05005897 (Vitamin B12 Status in Infancy and the Effect of Providing Vitamin B12 to Infants With Signs of Suboptimal Vitamin B12 Status - a Registry-based, Randomized Controlled Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05005897 phase2 / phase3recruitingnot on this map

Vitamin B12 Status in Infancy and the Effect of Providing Vitamin B12 to Infants With Signs of Suboptimal Vitamin B12 Status - a Registry-based, Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorSykehuset Innlandet HFRan2021 to 2029Enrolled600ConditionsVitamin B 12 DeficiencyArmsCyanocobalamin
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Sol Maja G BjørkevollDepartment of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway; Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. Electronic address: sombjo@sykehuset-innlandet.no.
Maria O'KeeffeDepartment of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway; Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Carolien KonijnenbergDepartment of Psychology, University of Inland Norway, Lillehammer, Norway; Women's Clinic, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway.
Beate S SolvikWomen's Clinic, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway.
Alida F SødalDepartment of Psychology, University of Inland Norway, Lillehammer, Norway; Women's Clinic, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway.
Siri KaldenbachDepartment of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway.
Adrian McCannWomen's Clinic, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway; Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway.
Per M UelandBevital AS, Bergen, Norway.
Ingrid KvestadWomen's Clinic, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway.
Elisabeth ErsværDepartment of Biotechnology, University of Inland Norway, Hamar, Norway.
Mads N Holten-AndersenDepartment of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Kjersti S BakkenDepartment of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Women's Clinic, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway.
Tor A StrandDepartment of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Lillehammer, Norway.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVitamin B12 is a crucial micronutrient for infant growth and development.

objectiveThe objective of this study was to describe vitamin B12 status in Norwegian infants aged 6-15 wk using multiple biomarkers and cut-off approaches, and to identify its predictors.

methodsFrom November 2021 through August 2024, infants aged 6-15 wk and their mothers were recruited from public health clinics in Innlandet County, Norway, as part of an ongoing randomized controlled trial. Plasma cobalamin and methylmalonic acid (MMA) concentrations were analyzed among all infants in the cohort (n = 644), and total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations were analyzed in a subgroup (n = 358). The combined indicator for vitamin B12 status (cB12) was calculated by Fedosov's equation. Low status was defined using multiple cut-off approaches. Potential predictors of infant vitamin B12 status were evaluated using regression models.

resultsMean (standard deviation [SD]) infant age was 9.1 (1.8) wk. The median (interquartile range) concentrations were: cobalamin 242 (192, 322) pmol/L, tHcy 7.4 (6.2, 9.4) μmol/L, and MMA 0.34 (0.21, 0.77) μmol/L. The mean (SD) cB12 was -0.5 (0.7). Eight percent had cobalamin <148 pmol/L, and 40% <221 pmol/L. Sixty-seven percent had tHcy >6.5 μmol/L, 19% >10 μmol/L, and 4% >13 μmol/L. Sixty-four percent had MMA>0.26 μmol/L. Exclusively breastfed infants had 40% lower cobalamin and 30% higher tHcy compared with nonbreastfed infants. Partially breastfed infants had 21% lower cobalamin and 12% higher tHcy compared with nonbreastfed infants.

conclusionA substantial proportion of Norwegian infants have biochemical signs of low vitamin B12 status, given that the cut-offs were established in adults. Lower status was observed in partially and exclusively breastfed infants, compared with nonbreastfed infants. However, it is unclear whether these biomarker patterns have clinical significance. Further research is needed to determine consequences of low vitamin B12 biomarker concentrations in early infancy. This trial was registered as NCT05005897.

Indexed as

Nutritional StatusVitamin B 12Vitamin B 12 DeficiencyBiomarkersCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHomocysteineHumansInfantMaleMethylmalonic AcidNorwayBiomarkersHomocysteineMethylmalonic AcidVitamin B 12breastfeedingcB12cobalaminhomocysteineinfantsmethylmalonic acidmicronutrientVitamin B12

Identifiers

PMID40609749
PMCPMC12489377

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.