ArticleImmunity2025
Excitatory-neuron-derived interleukin-34 supports cortical developmental microglia function.
Article in Immunity, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Context-dependent effects of microglial MyD88 removal on voluntary ethanol consumption in mice.Neuropharmacology · 2026Article
- IL-17D reprograms CD93Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Article
- Microglial states revisited: from homeostasis to disease.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026Review
- Transcriptomic Signatures of Microglial Phagocytosis Reveal Diagnostic Markers and Immune Landscape in Alzheimer's Disease.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Human IL-34 Deficiency Primes Microglia Toward Alzheimer's Disease-Associated States.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Identification of secondary microglial formation centers in the human fetal brain.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Microglia in systemic neuroimmune communication: functions beyond phagocytosis.Trends in immunology · 2026Review
- Genetic-Environmental Programming of Microglial Identity: Shaping Spatiotemporal Dynamics in Neurodevelopment and Neurodevelopmental Diseases.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Neurodevelopmental comorbidities in juvenile systemic autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- Microglia-Neuron Crosstalk: An Intimate Molecular Conversation in Neurodegeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Roles of IL-34 in neurological diseases: neuroprotection, inflammatory regulation, and myeloid plasticity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Microglial colonization of the developing mouse brain is controlled by both microglial and neural CSF-1.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- Microglial phagocytosis in Alzheimer disease.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- IL-34 in neurological homeostasis and its multifaceted roles in central nervous system diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The MYO1F interactome reveals ASAP1, CD2AP and SH3KBP1 as novel adaptor proteins in podosomes and phagosomes.Journal of cell science · 2025Article
- Microglial MyD88-dependent signaling influences extracellular matrix development and interneuron maturation in the hippocampus.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The ontogeny of myeloid-stromal synovial tissue niches in rheumatoid arthritis.Research square · 2025Article
- The ontogeny of myeloid-stromal synovial tissue niches in rheumatoid arthritis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- CSF1R ligands promote microglial proliferation but are not the sole regulators of developmental microglial proliferation.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2025Article
- Mutation in the rat interleukin 34 gene impacts macrophage development, homeostasis, and inflammation.Life science alliance · 2025Article
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13 authors.
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Abstract
Neuron-microglia interactions dictate the development of neuronal circuits in the brain. However, the factors that regulate these processes across development are largely unknown. Here, we found that interleukin-34 (IL-34), a neuron-derived cytokine, was upregulated in early development and maintained neuroprotective, mature microglia in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of mice. IL-34 expression increases in the second week of post-natal life and was primarily produced by excitatory neurons. Excitatory-neuron-specific deletion of IL-34 reduced microglia numbers and microglial TMEM119 expression and increased aberrant microglial phagocytosis of excitatory thalamocortical synapses in the ACC. Acute, low-dose blocking of IL-34 at post-natal day 15 similarly decreased microglial TMEM119 and aberrantly increased microglial phagocytosis of synapses. Viral overexpression of IL-34 induced TMEM119 expression and prevented appropriate microglial phagocytosis of synapses. These findings establish IL-34 as a key regulator of neuron-microglia crosstalk in post-natal brain development, controlling both microglial maturation and synapse engulfment.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.