Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40607754›Full record

ReviewPlant & cell physiology2025

Stomatal CO2 sensing in plants: control of gas exchange and interactions with environmental stimuli.

Yohei Takahashi, Hyunhee Joo, Nattiwong Pankasem, Po-Kai Hsu, Julian I Schroeder

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Plant & cell physiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Future heatwave conditions inhibit COThe New phytologist · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Yohei TakahashiInstitute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-9406-4093
Hyunhee JooCell and Developmental Biology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116, USA.
Nattiwong PankasemCell and Developmental Biology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116, USA.
Po-Kai HsuCell and Developmental Biology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7265-7077
Julian I SchroederCell and Developmental Biology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116, USA.

Funding

Japan Science and Technology Agency PRESTO JPMJPR21D8Ministry of Education RS-2023-00239562U.S. National Science Foundation MCB 2401310
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Stomatal pores in land plants rapidly and reversibly open and close in response to diurnal changes in leaf carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration. Studies have suggested that CO2 is sensed by guard cells with relevant amplifying contributions from mesophyll tissue. CO2 concentration changes trigger rapid signal transduction events involving protein phosphorylation in guard cells. Moreover, molecular crosstalk and physiological interactions of the stomatal CO2 response with other environmental conditions and stimuli, including light, temperature, drought, and abscisic acid, are reviewed here. Genetic studies have revealed several key genes and provided important insights into the stomatal CO2 sensors and signal transduction mechanisms. The primary CO2/HCO3- sensor in Arabidopsis guard cells was recently identified. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses have shown that early guard cell CO2 signal transduction components regulate water use efficiency (WUE). In this review, we describe the molecular details of stomatal CO2 sensing by CO2/HCO3--induced interaction of two protein kinases, the HIGH LEAF TEMPERATURE 1 Raf-like kinase and the MPK4/MPK12 mitogen-activated protein kinases. The evolutionary emergence of, physiological relevance of, and potential for improvement of WUE of plants via the stomatal CO2 response and open questions in this research field are discussed.

Indexed as

Carbon DioxidePlant StomataAbscisic AcidArabidopsisSignal TransductionAbscisic AcidCarbon Dioxidecarbon dioxide (CO2)CO2/HCO3− sensorguard cellsprotein kinasestomatawater use

Identifiers

PMID40607754
PMCPMC12461843

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.