Prognostic factors for patients with esophageal cancer who achieve pathological complete response in the primary tumor after upfront chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy.

Aim: Upfront chemotherapy (uCT) or upfront chemoradiotherapy (uCRT) followed by surgery is generally accepted as the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer. A substantial proportion of patients achieve a pathological complete response (pCR) of the primary tumor with upfront treatment. This retrospective study aimed to clarify the prognostic factors of patients with esophageal cancer who achieve pCR in the primary tumor after upfront treatment and whether the prognosis of patients with pCR who receive uCT differs from that of patients who receive uCRT. Methods: This study included 121 patients who achieved pCR of the primary tumor after uCT and 40 patients after uCRT. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were performed. Results: Multivariate analysis of overall survival demonstrated that gender, upfront treatment, and pathological lymph node metastasis were independent prognostic factors ( Conclusions: Male genders and pathological lymph node metastasis are independent poor prognostic factors in patients with esophageal cancer who receive upfront treatment followed by surgery and achieved pCR of the primary tumor.