Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40607069›Full record

ReviewImaging science in dentistry2025

Integration of artificial intelligence in orthodontic imaging: A bibliometric analysis of research trends and applications.

Noraina Hafizan Norman, Marshima Mohd Rosli, Nagham Mohammed Al-Jaf, Norhasmira Mohammad, Azliyana Azizan, Mohd Yusmiaidil Putera Mohd Yusof

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Imaging science in dentistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Noraina Hafizan NormanCentre for Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontic Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4071-1486
Marshima Mohd RosliDepartment of Computer Science, Faculty of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7660-2126
Nagham Mohammed Al-JafCentre for Comprehensive Care Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1465-2248
Norhasmira MohammadFaculty of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9364-7871
Azliyana AzizanCentre of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0548-3975
Mohd Yusmiaidil Putera Mohd YusofCentre for Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostics and Medicine Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5676-3571

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: This study employs bibliometric analysis to evaluate research trends, key contributors, and applications of artificial intelligence (AI) models in orthodontic imaging. It highlights the impact and evolution of AI in this field from 1991 to 2024. Material and Methods: A total of 130 documents were extracted from the Scopus database, spanning 33 years of research. The analysis examined annual growth rates, citation metrics, AI model adoption, and international collaborations. Network visualization was performed using VOSviewer to map research trends and co-authorship networks. Results: The study analyzed 96 publications from 47 sources, revealing exponential growth in AI research-particularly after 2010, with a peak in 2023. The findings show a steady annual growth rate of 9.66% and a maximum citation count of 138 for an AI-based cephalometric analysis study. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) dominate AI applications in orthodontic image analysis. An h-index of 23 and a g-index of 38 reflect the field's significant research impact. Strong international collaborations were observed, with 28.12% of studies involving cross-border research. Conclusion: This analysis highlights the growing influence of AI in orthodontic imaging and emphasizes the need for larger datasets, improved model interpretability, and seamless clinical integration. Addressing these challenges will further enhance AI-driven diagnostics and treatment planning, guiding future research and broader clinical applications.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceDiagnostic ImagingMachine LearningOrthodontics

Identifiers

PMID40607069
PMCPMC12210120

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.