Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40606929›Full record

ArticleWorld journal of hepatology2025

Sex-related differences in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection treated with direct-acting antiviral drugs.

Krystyna Dobrowolska, Dorota Zarębska-Michaluk, Malgorzata Pawłowska, Magdalena Tudrujek-Zdunek, Beata Lorenc, Hanna Berak, Ewa Janczewska, Włodzimierz Mazur, Justyna Janocha-Litwin, Jakub Klapaczyński and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in World journal of hepatology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Sex Disparities in Hepatitis C Treatment Initiation: Role of Universal Access to DAA in France (ANRS FANTASIO 2).Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Krystyna DobrowolskaCollegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce 25-317, Poland.
Dorota Zarębska-MichalukDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Allergology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce 25-369, Poland. dorota1010@tlen.pl.
Malgorzata PawłowskaDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz 85-030, Poland.
Magdalena Tudrujek-ZdunekDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20-081, Poland.
Beata LorencPomeranian Center of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk 80-214, Poland.
Hanna BerakOutpatient Clinic, Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Warsaw 02-201, Poland.
Ewa JanczewskaID Clinic Mysłowice, Mysłowice 41-400, Poland.
Włodzimierz MazurDepartment of Clinical Infectious Diseases in Chorzów, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice 40-055, Poland.
Justyna Janocha-LitwinDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław 50-367, Poland.
Jakub KlapaczyńskiDepartment of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, The National Institute of Medicine of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw 02-507, Poland.
Marek SitkoDepartment of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 30-688, Poland.
Dorota DybowskaDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz 85-030, Poland.
Anna Parfieniuk-KowerdaDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok 15-540, Poland.
Anna PiekarskaDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź 91-347, Poland.
Jerzy JaroszewiczDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Silesia, Bytom 41-902, Poland.
Robert FlisiakDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok 15-540, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSex is one of the known factors influencing the risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and the natural course of the disease.

aimTo evaluate sex-related differences in the characteristics and outcomes of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment in HCV-infected patients.

methodsThe study included consecutive 9457 women and 9529 men, treated with DAA for chronic HCV infection from July 2015 to the end of 2023 whose data were collected in the nationwide multicenter retrospective Epiter-2 project. Women were divided into pre-menopausal (15-44 years), menopausal (45-55 years) and post-menopausal (> 55 years) and compared with age-matched men.

resultsRegardless of age, women had a significantly lower body mass index, prevalence of genotype 3 infection and proportion of cirrhosis compared to men. Psychiatric disorders (except depression), hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus co-infections, as well as alcohol and drug addiction, were significantly less common in women than in men in all age groups. The sustained virologic response was significantly higher in women compared to men in each age group and amounted to 98.4% and 96.6%, respectively (

conclusionDAA treatment is more effective in women than in men, regardless of age, but in postmenopausal women, the effectiveness is relatively the lowest.

Indexed as

Chronic hepatitis CDirect-acting antiviralsHepatitis C virusMenopauseWomen

Identifiers

PMID40606929
PMCPMC12210159

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.