Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40606096›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2025

Associations between burnout and career disengagement factors among general practitioners: a path analysis.

Christos Grigoroglou, Mark Hann, Alexander Hodkinson, Salwa S Zghebi, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Darren M Ashcroft, Carolyn A Chew-Graham, Rupert A Payne, Paul Little, Simon de Lusignan and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Cultivating hope: reframing the 'heart-sink' consultation.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Christos GrigoroglouDivision of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Primary Care Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Mark HannDivision of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Primary Care Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Alexander HodkinsonDivision of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Primary Care Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Salwa S ZghebiDivision of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Primary Care Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Evangelos KontopantelisDivision of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Primary Care Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Darren M AshcroftDivision of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Primary Care Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Carolyn A Chew-GrahamSchool of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom.
Rupert A PayneExeter Collaboration for Academic Primary Care, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.
Paul LittlePrimary Care Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Simon de LusignanNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Anli Yue ZhouDivision of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Primary Care Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Aneez EsmailDivision of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Primary Care Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Maria PanagiotiDivision of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Primary Care Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Burnout is associated with career disengagement among general practitioners (GPs), but the underlying mechanisms of this association remain poorly understood. Objective: This study examined the pathways linking burnout to career disengagement factors among GPs. Methods: An 11-item online questionnaire, including validated abbreviated measures of burnout outcomes (single items on emotional exhaustion (EE) and depersonalisation), career disengagement factors (intention to quit patient care, work-life balance, presenteeism and job satisfaction), and demographic information, was distributed to a random sample of GPs in England between December 2019 and April 2020. Correlations between burnout outcomes and disengagement factors were assessed, followed by a path analysis using a generalized structural equation model, to examine directional relationships between burnout outcomes and survey variables. Results: A total of 351 GPs from 57 different medical practices completed the questionnaire. Up to one in four GPs (22.5%) experienced emotional exhaustion, while up to one in three (27.4%) experienced depersonalisation on a weekly basis. In addition, one in three GPs (33.3%) expressed a moderate-to-high intention to quit patient care within the next 5 years. Moreover, one in five GPs (18.8%) reported job dissatisfaction, two in five GPs (40.7%) indicated poor work-life balance, and up to one in two GPs (27.4%) reported presenteeism in the past year. In the path analysis, intention to quit patient care had significant direct associations with both job satisfaction and burnout and significant indirect associations (via burnout) with work-life balance and presenteeism. GP demographics were excluded from the path analysis because they exhibited very weak correlations with dimensions of burnout and work engagement factors. Conclusion: These findings highlight the urgent need for interventions and policies aimed at addressing burnout and improving job satisfaction to retain GPs. In addition, improving work-life balance and reducing presenteeism could serve as effective early preventative measures to reduce burnout and job dissatisfaction and, in turn, retain GPs.

Indexed as

Burnout, ProfessionalGeneral PractitionersJob SatisfactionAdultEnglandFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPresenteeismSurveys and QuestionnairesWork-Life Balanceburnoutgeneral practicestructural equation modellingwell-beingworkforce

Identifiers

PMID40606096
PMCPMC12213890

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.