ArticleUnited European gastroenterology journal2025
The Rising Global Burden of MASLD and Other Metabolic Diseases (2000-2021).
Article in United European gastroenterology journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Steatotic liver disease in Latin America: current views and perspectives.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Differential associations of traditional and shape-based adiposity indices with steatosis and fibrosis risk in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Global epidemiological patterns and disease burden of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, metabolic dysfunction and alcohol-associated liver disease, and alcohol-associated liver disease.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2026Review
- Adipose Tissue Browning in MASLD and Its Molecular Mechanisms and Metabolic Crosstalk.Current obesity reports · 2026Review
- Clinically Inferred Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Its Association with Atrial Fibrillation Subtypes: A Prospective Clinical and Cardiometabolic Analysis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Bridging Hepatic and Cardiovascular Outcomes.Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2026Review
- STAT Signaling in Metabolic Disorders: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Implications.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Review
- Associations between multiple air pollutants and insulin resistance in Chinese adults: the moderating role of physical activity.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Temporal patterns in mortality from type 2 diabetes and digestive system cancers-an epidemiological analysis of the US population from 1999 to 2023.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Overcoming the barriers in the screening, diagnosis, and follow-up of patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH).Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- The Emerging Role of Mechanobiology in Connecting Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases: From Fundamentals to Future Therapies.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Sarcopenia: Review of Literature.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Exploratory mediation analysis of body roundness index in the nonlinear association between CHG index and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease among non-diabetic adults.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Relationship between cathepsin K and extracellular matrix dynamics: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Disease burden and prediction of liver cancer attributable to metabolic risks in five East Asian countries from 1990 to 2023.PloS one · 2026Article
- Beyond diabetes and obesity: GLP-1 receptor agonists as multifunctional therapeutics across the steatotic liver disease spectrum.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Application of artificial intelligence in hepatology.Frontiers in digital health · 2026Review
- Weight Regain after Lifestyle Interventions is Associated with Higher Risk of Liver Inflammation: A Retrospective Observational Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
- The macrophage opera: from metabolic prolog to oncogenic crescendo in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Effect of varenicline on major adverse liver outcomes in alcohol-associated liver disease: An exploratory analysis.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
24 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMetabolic diseases are a public health threat to diverse populations worldwide. This study aims to update the epidemiological trends of metabolic diseases across regions and sociodemographic stratifications using the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2021.
methodsThis study focused on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) along with obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The prevalence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) with their age-standardised prevalence rate and DALYs (ASPR and ASDALYs) and uncertainty intervals (UIs) were estimated and stratified by sex, geography, and the Sociodemographic Index (SDI). Epidemiological trends were analysed using the Joinpoint Regression method, which calculated the annual percent change (APC) and confidence intervals (CIs) of age-standardised rates (ASRs) from 2000 to 2021.
resultsIn 2021, MASLD had a prevalence of 1.27 billion people (ASPR: 15,018.07, 95% UI: 13,756.47 to 16,361.44; ASDALYs: 42.40, 95% UI: 33.60 to 53.31), while T2DM had a prevalence of 0.51 billion people (ASPR: 5885.40, 95% UI: 5467.62 to 6334.18; ASDALYs: 871.78, 95% UI: 735.05 to 1044.78) worldwide. ASPRs of MASLD and T2DM increased over the 2 decades. ASDALYs decreased over time for dyslipidemia (APC: -1.43%, 95% CI: -1.58 to -1.27%) and hypertension (APC: -1.32%, 95% CI: -1.43 to -1.21%) but increased for T2DM (APC: 1.09%, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.14%) and obesity (APC: 0.70%, 95% CI: 0.63 to 0.78%), while it remained stable for MASLD. The global burden of metabolic diseases was generally higher in males compared to females. The highest ASDALYs for all these metabolic diseases were observed in low-middle SDI countries.
conclusionThe global burden of MASLD and other metabolic diseases is substantial. National and global policies must better address metabolic diseases including the MASLD public health threat.
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